Plow and Cyrus Essay

John Deeres Steel-Tipped Plow and Cyrus McCormickss Mechanical harvester Deere invented a steel-tipped plow that halved the labor to clear acres to till. Timber for housing and fencing was available in nearby woods, and settle ments spread rapidly. McCormick developed the robotlike reaper which harvested grain seven times faster than traditional methods with fractional the work force and guaranteed that wheat would dominate the Midwestern prairies.American ashes of Manufacturing, or Interchangeable Parts Europeans had started to refer to humansufacture by like firearms as the American System of Manufacturing. The ashes had many advantages. Traditionally, equipment casualty to any part of something ruined the whole thing and no mod part would fit. With interchangeable parts, however, replacement parts could be obtained and mass employment also occurred. Samuel F. B. international Morse code Morse was an American inventor. He contri notwithstandinged to the invention of a single-wire telegraph system bases on European telegraphs. He was also co-inventor of the Morse code, and also an accomplished painter.Catharine Beecher, A Treatise on Domestic Economy In her widely popular Treatise on Domestic Economy, Beecher told women that technological advances made it their calling to make every house a glorious temple by utilizing space more efficiently. Contagion Theory versus Miasma Theory The inability of physicians to explain the diseases led to these theories. No atomic number 53 understood that bacteria stick cholera and yellow fever. The contagion theory was that epidemic diseases were spread by touch, whereas the miasmas theory was it resulted from air carried gases from rotten vegetation or dead animals. only when neither theory worked. Crawford Long and William T. G. Morton Long employed sulfuric vinyl ethoxyethane during a surgical operation. Long failed to follow up on his discovery, but four years later, Morton, a dentist, successfully employed sulfuric ether during an operation at MA General Hospital in Boston. within a few years, ether came into wide use in American surgery. Hydropathy Hydropathy was kn accept as the water cure, which filtered into the United States from Europe. By the mid-1850s the United States had twenty-seven hydropathic sanatoriums, which used cold baths and wet packs.It helped mollify the pain associated with childbirth and menstruation. Sylvester Graham Graham propounded a health system that anyone could adopt. Alarmed by the cholera epidemic, Graham counseled changes in dies and regimen as well as total abstinence from alcohol. Soon, he added sexual unornamented to his list of forbidden indulgences. Phrenology The belief that each person was master of his or her own destiny underlay not only evangelical morality and popular health movements but also the most popular of the nonmodern scientific fads phrenology.It rested on the idea that the human mind comprised xxxvii distinct orga ns, each located in the different part of the brain. crowd together Gordon Bennett, the crude York Herald, and the Penny Press Bennett applied new technology to give the penny press. rawspapers could now rely on vast circulations rather than on political subsidies to turn a profit. The New York Sun became Americas first penny newspaper, and Bennetts New York Herald followed in 1835. Horace Greeley and the New York Tribune Greeleys New York Tribune pioneered modern financial and political report.The relentless snooping of the Tribunes Washington reporters outrages politicians. In 1848, Tribune correspondents were temporarily barred from the House floor for reporting about Representative Sawyer of Ohio. Astor Place Riot In 1849, a long-running feud between the leading American promoter, Edwin Forrest, and popular British actor William Macready ended with the Astor Place riot in New York metropolis, which left wing cardinal people dead. This riot demonstrated the broad popul arity of the theater.Minstrel Shows These shows arose in blue cities when white men in blackface took to the stage to present and evening of songs, dances, and screaming(prenominal) sketches. Minstrelsy borrowed some authentic elements of African-American refining, especially dances. P. T. Barnum and the American Museum Barnum purchased a run over museum in NYC, rechristened it the American Museum, and opened a new chapter in the narration of popular entertainment. The founders of earlier museums had gentilityal purposes. Barnum, in contrast, made pricking usual curiosity the main goal.Washington Irving When British questioned Who ever reads an American adjudge? , Americans responded by pointing to Irving, whose Sketch Book contained two famous stories, Rip train Winkle and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow. Naming hotels and steamboats after Irving, Americans soaked him in applause, but they had to concede that Irving had done much of his best writing sequence living in Eng land. James Fenimore Cooper Cooper was the first authoritative figure in this literary upsurge. His most significant innovation was to lay out a distinctively American fictional character, the frontiersman Natty Bumppo.Edgar Allan Poe Poe wrote both fictional and poetry and was a major contributor to the American Renaissance. He set several of his short stories in Europe as one critic has noted, His art could have been produced as easily had he been innate(p) in Europe. American Renaissance The Renaissance was a flowering of literature. In 1800, American authors accounted for a negligible proportion of the output of American publishers. By 1830, 40 percent of the books published in the United States were written by Americans by 1850 this had increased to 75 percent.Not only were Americans writing more books increasingly, they sought to depict the features of their nation in literature and art. Henry David Thoreau Thoreau was congressman of the younger Emersonians. He was more of a doer and was adventurous in action. At one point, he went to jail rather than to pay his public opinion poll tax. This revenue, he knew, would support the war in Mexico, which he viewed as part of a southern conspiracy to extend slavery. The experience led Thoreau to make unnecessary Civil Disobedience in which he defended a citizens pay off to disobey unjust laws.Ralph Waldo Emerson and The American Scholar Emerson emerged in the late 1830s as the most influential spokesman for American literary nationalism. He announced his organize The American Scholar. The time had come for Americans to trust themselves. Let the single man plant himself indomitably on his instincts and there abide, he proclaimed. Transcendentalism Its a philosophical movement that developed in the 1830s and 1840s in the Eastern country of the United States as a protest to the general state of culture and society.Among their core beliefs was the inherent goodness of both man and nature. They believed that society and its institutions in the end corrupted the purity of the individual. Margaret Fuller Her status as an intellectual charr distanced her from conventional society. Disappointed that his first child was not a boy, her Harvard improve father determined to give Margaret the sort of education young men would have acquired at Harvard. Fuller turned transcendentalism into an occupation of sorts. Nathaniel Hawthorne Hawthorne was a major contributor to the American Renaissance.He wrote the famous novel, The Scarlett Letter on with The House of the Seven Gables and The Marble Faun in Rome. He ignored Emersons call to write about everyday experiences of their fellow Americans. Ironically, their conviction that the lives of run-of-the-mill Americans provided inadequate materials for fiction led them to create a uniquely American fiction marked less by the description of the complex hearty relationships of ordinary life than by the analysis or moral dilemmas and psycholo gical states.Walt Whitman Self-taught and in love with virtually everything about America except slavery, Whitman left school at eleven and became a printers prepare and later a journalist and editor for various newspapers in Brooklyn, Manhattan, and New Orleans. A familiar figure at Democratic Party functions, he marched in party parades and put his pen to the service of its antislavery wing. Herman Melville Melville was another account contributor to the American Renaissance who primarily wrote fiction.He did draw materials and themes from his own experiences as a sailor and from the lore of the New England whaling industry, but for his novels, be picked the exotic setting of islands in the South Seas. He wrote the famous Moby-Dick. doubting Thomas Cole, Asher Durand, Frederic Church, and the Hudson River School The Hudson River School flourished from the 1820s to the 1870s. Cole, Durand, and Church best represented more than lambert painters. They painted scenes of the regi on around the Hudson River, a waterway that Americans compared in stateliness to the Rhine.Lyceums This is a category of educational institution defined within the education system of many countries, mainly in Europe. The definition varies between countries unremarkably it is a type of secondary school. Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux In 1858, New York City chose a plan drawn by Frederick Law Olmsted and Calvert Vaux for its proposed Central Park. Olmstead in conclusion became the parks chief architect. They both wanted the park to quality as much like the countryside as possible, showing nothing of the adjoin city.