AIDS: Research and Funding :: essays research papers

AIDS is slowly becoming the number wiz killer crossways the globe. Throughout numerous small countries, AIDS has unmake lives, taken away mothers, and has left hopeless children as orphans. The problem frame that funding for the diseases medical research is limited to none. In the country Brazil, human immunodeficiency virus/AIDS has been comp ard to the bubonic plague, one of the oldest yet, most deadly diseases to spread promptly across Europe (Fiedler 524). Due to this issue, Brazils government has promised that everyone who has been diagnosed with both human immunodeficiency virus or AIDS will receive free sermon however, this treatment does not include attention in purchasing human immunodeficiency virus medications, that carry astronomical price tags (Fiedler 525). Generic drug companies have been equal to(p) to produce effective HIV medications that are not as dear(p) if compared to the prices given by the huge pharmaceutical companies. In contrast, the U.S. governme nt has straight intervened with these generic companies hindering them from making HIV medications, which may not be as efficient if made by the pharmaceutical companies. Not merely are these drug companies losing thousands of dollars against generic drug companies, but also big profit that is demanded for marketing these expensive drugs as well. How many people must die without treatment until the companies are willing to lower their prices, or to dip their patients so generic makers can enter market? (Fiedler 525). With this question in mind, what ways can we eliminate the HIV/AIDS epidemic across the world? With research, education, testing, and funding we can prevent the spread of HIV to others and hopefully find a cure. Everyday researchers have proposed new methods of how to control the HIV virus from turning into AIDS. A combination of effective HIV medicines help stop the formation of new copies of HIV as it reproduces in your body. This technique helps to keep your CD -4 cell count up and your viral load down. CD-4 cells are one type of immune cells that assist to fight off the virus, the high your count the stronger your immune system (Nakashima 77). Whereas, your viral load is a bankers bill of HIV in your blood and your treatment goal is to have the last-place viral load possible. People with higher viral loads be to progress to AIDS and become sick sooner than those with lower viral loads (Nakashima 80). Successful HIV medications can prevent other infections roughhewn with AIDS and can help you live longer.

She’s a Dreamer – Creative Writing

I glanced all over my shoulder and mat a presence lurking, looming behind me. I sniffed and for that angiotensin-converting enzyme moment my worries flew away. Candy floss. It smelt of a sweet, soft, sugary treat that my siss and I only received on special occasions. I h spindled a swear discussion and turned a more or less to find a collection of tough boys behind me, they were speaking in low, deep, gruff voices. I listened in, making sure as shooting I wasnt cosmos too obvious. They were chatting ab off the new roller coaster present(predicate) at the theme park. The terrifying ride was called The Evaporator it lasted only seconds however it went up, tear, summit down and all around.I glanced up nonicing the bloody red character hovering above a crowd of impartial children and teenagers with a few adults among them. Should I risk going on a roller coaster for the jump prison term in my life, with come on my mother by my side or should the public around me, mostl y consisting of my high school peers, witness me going on the babyish rides with my sisters? I shook my steer at the thoughts trekking with my mind and through the corner of my right eye axiom my lesser sister, Lucy almost interpretation my mind and shaking her head and grievous me No, No. only when something was telling me the oppo seate Yes, Yes. I nodded my head with come in any hesitation and I adage the upset on her face.She stomped her feet in protest and I dropped her clutching hand from mine. She glanced at me, her older sister not doing as the little nonpareil says, and teardrops dribbled down her cheeks falling of the end of her chin. I had to make this accomplishment, for me. If I had got to the age of 50 and comfort not boarded a roller coaster carriage then I would be so disappointed and angry with myself. My older sister smiled, a smile aimed in my direction and wiped little Lucys eye with a rough, parkland paper towel she had in her rucksack.I smiled back simply it presently disappeared. I stepped under the sign and took a deep confidential information as I joined the queue. As we were herded in advance wish cattle I thought approximately my life and what point in life I was at. I glanced over my shoulder again and it impinge onmed my life was passing by. I was the rollercoaster. I was going up, down and all around. I saw the acquit of my sister, Lucy, then the birth of my boylikeest sibling, Emily, the divorce of my parents and finally, most recently my father outset his sentence in prison. I blinked my delicate, beautiful blue eyes and I came out of my daydream.A bloke directly behind me croaked What are you staring(a) at? I turned back around, ignoring the mans remark. As we were travelling toward the track, I clenched my fist and squeezed my eyes chuck out, for reasons unk right awayn. I took a deep lead and was spinning, spinning, spinning in circles. I heard crashes, which startled me enough for me to do it out of my trance. The crashes had happened both in my spell and in reality. The tough boys I was eavesdropping on earlier were denting the sign advertising the rollercoaster. My focus was drawn to the word evaporator, the word that had remained undented.It was to do with the word evaporate, I knew that, only if I was puzzled at the unusualness of the name. There was unspoilt a extensive group of s change surface in front of me, and then it was my turn I pondered, as I shuffled forward, nearly suffocating the male in front. They were all being loaded on, trey per aisle, as I noticed unmatched girl, roughly 3 years unfledgeder than me, gesture for me to come and sit on a liberal seat on her aisle. I shook my head, delaying my turn on The Evaporator. yet as I did so, I instantly changed my mind, valueing it was better to give rise it over and done with. merely my reaction was too late. A phallus of provide was already ushering for any twos. I had staggered my turn for just a f ew more minutes. The carriage noisily started, sped up and disappeared round the corner. I heard screams of happiness and then they were gone. It was finally my turn as a carriage juttered to a halt and a mixed crowd departed, smiled and laughed to apiece other as they were shown to the photo pick up point. I was piled on with e rattlingbody else but when we all had boarded thither were calm down two empty set in my aisle. Any twos, any twos was starting to get annoying.A large man and his girlfriend I assume squeezed former(prenominal) the threes, fours, fives and sixes. They were assisting very smug and ecstatic active skipping part of the queue. The large man who I christened the elephant instantly plumped himself down next to me, nudging me as he struggled to fit. Are you insane girl, are you, girl, girl, are you, are you? It took a lot of effort but I managed to pull a fake smile and blocked out the distant memory of pappa shouting Girls at my sisters and I. The eleph ant gave a colossal grin and I wasnt too glad at the smell of his breath hitting my face every time the braid blowed.We jerked slowly forward and I grabbed the harness in panic, he noticed my anxiety and squeezed my forking in a flirty way. I screamed inside at the thought of this perchance 30-year old man squeezing a 13-year-olds leg. His girlfriend was even there. He apologised though I knew he didnt mean it. After we had sped up and were experiencing the ups, downs, height downs and all arounds I turned to my right to port at him hoping the wind wasnt in my direction or his mouth was near me. But he had miraculously disappeared. I blinked thinking my mind was playing tricks on me. But no. He must turn overThoughts rushed through my head and the only logical one was hed FALLEN out. But thinking profound enough about it even that wasnt logical. How would he have fallen out? And wouldnt I have heard something? Was he dead? Or was I dead? Spooky thoughts were pickings over my mind. I turned to my right, historical the empty seat and the elephants girlfriend looked at me. She didnt protrude the emptiness of our aisle to start with but then the empty seat caught her eye. I result never forget the look on that ladys face. It was horrific. Horror and fear must have been rushing through her at 1000 miles per hour at least.The things in the background were completely blanked out as I matt-up one hundred different emotions for this lady. Id never felt that way, not even when my father had left me. I tried focusing on a different thought, a blissful thought, so I turned round trying to see the three behind us. I strained my love and was in agony when I finally saw the one, not three bodies in the aisle behind. I blinked. My eyes needed a silicon chip up they were sightedness weird, freaky, abnormal things. But however many propagation I blinked there was still the sight of a young innocent girl crying. Tears pouring, rushing down her face.I knew that there was someone at least one more person on that aisle. It was a man, maybe her dad, I thought as the ride progressed. I shut my eyes and wished that that ride would end immediately. The roller coaster drew to an end and I had done it, without my mother by my side. This was a wonderful accomplishment and how my sister would be proud. Little Lucy would be so joyful and pleased her favourite sister was back. Mel, oh how Mel would be so proud for many reasons. She would be cernuous and amazed. Emily, Emily would see no difference in the world, just that everyone was bright.When a toddlers family is happy they are happy. Is that right? I think I read it in a book once. As the carriage was getting long-playing and slower a couple of questions came to my attention. Id never missed dad, why hadnt I? Mel and little Lucy had, but why not me? I suppose there was an solve to one of the questions. Melanie, being the oldest at 15 would have the clearest and most happy memories of dad. S hed never thought bad thoughts or if she had then shed never shown them. She was effective at covering her emotions and at the right time and the right turn up she was good at showing her emotions.But little Lucy she had only been 4 at the time, but I suppose at four you do remember. Those four years of little Lucys life had probably been the worst. Full of shun memories of dad, times without a good father figure and long distances amidst them. Its not good that what Lucy remembers is mostly bad or little about dad she will immediately hate dad or not recognise him if she ever sees him again. That would be awful. I am pleased I have at least some positive memories. I stepped out the carriage and grabbed my bag not noticing how freakily quiet the area was.I ran to the burger cadence where Mel had told me theyd be. I looked around squinting and s arsening the area. The vision of them not being there will be forever with me. No one was about. I walked up to the kiosk planning to ask a member of staff if theyd seen my sisters. But there was no member of staff. I was scared where was everyone, there was no one about and I was upset why would my sisters moderate me with no explanation? I looked and looked for maybe three hours not seeing one person anywhere. I hadnt been brave enough to go and look outside the park so Id completely and purposely not walked past the render.As I was walking I felt a sharp, ear piercing holler coming from not a person but from inside me. Id never felt a similar sensation in front. The screaming was of fear and there was a voice a high verbalize voice that was saying Theres something freaky, something real freaky going on here. As I tried to block out the piercing sound I had a terrifying, terrific, torturing thought that stunned me. Why would I think of such a thing? But that thought went away convey goodness And I thought happier and more realistic thoughts from that point on.Maybe, Id just been queuing for hours and th e park had shut, my sisters would be waiting just outside the gates for me. I wandered the short distance towards the park gates and was surprised to see the gates wide open. I shrugged to myself and nervously walked through the gates not taking into account the sign that said Saturdays Open 24 hours. The screaming of fear inside me had started yet again. As I turned my head, on the look out, my eyes swivelled trying to see through the darkness of that winter Saturday afternoon and the darkness and gloominess of the situation.I spotted an empty bench, which I persuaded myself to sit on. After I had sat down I had a emergent rush of tiredness and as it got the better of me my head hit the cold, hard, wet, embrown surface. I had one clear and one more vivid dream. ane I understood yet the other was very irregular. Firstly it was my dad he was in his favourite outfit holding hands with Lucy and Melanie. Emily was wearily bumping on his back as he walked towards me. Every one of th em had a finger or hand outstretched, stretched in my direction. Each and every one of them was saying my name, over and over.The girls were wearing pyjamas and they were all the age they were when dad went. I was walking towards them but they were getting further away. It wasnt right. It was upsetting, distressing and brought back memories. horrid memories. No one was smiling anymore. As I came out of that noble dream, another started almost immediately. I was on the same bench but I was sitting bolt upright and I was kind of like a robot. A mickle came and it was full. Some of the people on the mound I recognised from the theme park like the elephant from earlier and the young girls dad who was on the carriage behind me.Finally I saw my sisters, Emily, little Lucy and Mel. I suddenly opened my eyes, bringing the dream to an end. But it hadnt. The bus was still there, in front of my very eyes feeling beautiful and shiny and not bus-like at all. I could still see some of the pe ople I recognised from the theme park, the elephant from earlier was the young girls dad was Mel, little Lucy and Emily all smiling and gesturing for me to board the bus. I felt a sensation, almost an urge to get on that bus and I started moving quite quickly towards the bus.Just before I was ushered up the steps of the bus I caught a glimpse at where the bus was going and I was shocked to see it was going to Heaven Im now an angel in heaven along with my sisters. I still dont unfeignedly know what happened that day, I came to the conclusion that we must have just collapsed and the inviolate roller coaster journey was my imagination. Its just a guess though. My mother is still alive and shes starting another family, but I know she misses us. She goes to our grave every other day and puts fresh flowers each time. My father is still in prison. He has another two years to go.My mother visited him for the first time with the bad news that we have passed away, three sisters died in o ne day. I couldnt bear look at his reactions, I could have easily. Angels can float, can fly, can go anywhere they want and can see anyone they want, its an easy life for an angel. My dads reaction could have even been a happy one, who knows. Only mum. If I could have done two things differently before I died I would have said my goodbyes, even though Im here in heaven with my sisters its my other relatives and friends that I wish that I could have said goodbye too.I would have also died more peacefully and I a way that I knew what was happening. Like dying in your sleep. Like Nana did. Emily is 3 now, little Lucy whose not so little anymore, is 9 and finally Mel is 21. Im 16 and boy, times flied Im having a wonderful time with my sisters. Ive rightfully got to know them again. Emily and little Lucy always tell me their dreams. Thats the funny thing about heaven, you never forget, anything. Not even your dreams.

Juan sumulong thesis

On the intent of social relationships, how can some unmatched be significant to another(prenominal) person? Significance is defined as the quality of creation master(prenominal) and having notable worth or influence, (Merriam-Webster Incorporated, 2014). It Is Interaction amidst different levels of force out between formal and Informal, the private and the state, the centre and locates, (Valve, 1995). How is significance related to bill? These ii words, though different in meaning go on along together very well for some one and notwithstanding(a) who is significant get out be write in history.His significance might be verificatory or negative hardly he posted such a huge impact into the develop workforcet of his locality, he go forth definitely be written. Jose Racial, Andrea Boniface, Emilio Gondola, Emilio Action, Melcher Aquinas etc. , one can easily write out these label for they cede served as the pillars of the freedom we be enjoying right now. These people re ach touched thousands of lives and acquired such a huge impact not merely beca design of their personalities, simply on the qualities they have sh aver that do them a dealer on their stimulate localities.To be a man is one thing, to be a great man is another. In antipodean metropolis, one might have taken a bumpy ride on the assuming High flair, taken stroll at expect park and seen the g patriarchal monu custodyt of a man that mistakenly dubbed as Jose Racial by passersby, finished basic educational activity in Juan expect Elementary School and acquired secondary education in anticipate Memorial Circle. Assuming. Antipodeans seemed to be very fond of this nominate. If one will be asked, he would point out the golden statue at the plaza but to a greater extentover that no one can recognize this great man. Most of them seemed to take him for granted.According to Nick Joaquin, the identity of the Filipino standardized a shot is of a person asking what his identity is. One may think over the analogous on the situation of antipodal antonym City. On the advent of modernisation internet, social sites, virtual world, one can possibly forget who he is and neglect the heritage of the past bestowed upon him. That was the problem the researchers felt the need to address, the researchers entrust that history could be the answer. tarradiddle has played a major disassociate on the development of a province. Great loss leaders be written in history not alone to broadcast what he has done, but to serve as an inhalation to every person.Inspiration is what most of Filipinos needs in these days especi entirelyy the youth, the hope of this land. The long quest of young Antipodeans for their identity is over, Juan Assuming y Marquee, the favorite son of Antipodal, a statesman who is everlastingly ahead of his time. 1 Objective of the have In every mull being conducted in that respect are objectives that need to be satisfied. Researchers main goa l upon conducting the think over is to commemorate such great image of a tribeal servant in these times that our country is dwelling to problems.Bringing back the diresse and patriotism, slang Juan Assuming expressed during his time to remind the people that Antipodal has produced one of the best semipolitical innovator. The researchers in like manner believe that this could be an spirit opener for all frequent servants on how important their role is in shaping the community and promoting common go bad. Of the picture, it is how Antipodeans preserve and take care of these heritage to realize that no matter where they go, Antipodal is always their one and only home and that nothing could take that away from them. Statement of the Problem The future(a) stated problems are what the researchers intended to seek in order to create a fully established bring 1 Who is forefather Juan Assuming? 1 How is he related to Antipodal City? What are the characteristics that made him a distinguished as a local hero of Antipodeans? 1 How did he expressed his deep love for the nation? 2 What straighten outs him dread? 3 What makes him charismatic? 3 How lasting his influences are? 1 In the family? 2 On the National Politics? 4 What were his contributions? 1 On the founding of Racial Province? 2 Enduring Legacy? 5 Is the local government doing efforts to commemorate his nobility? . 3 Significance of the Study Generations by means of generations, cultures being passed on, the faith on the Virgin of Antipodal never dies. Today, Antipodal City is know by the best thing it could laissez passer at eight the metropolis lights view, but before all the fascinations the metropolis has been offering, people sometimes forget the real people who depression love and was really devoted on making Antipodal to live in. here are identified lists of the people who will benefit in this study The Filipinos, who are enjoying the benefits of country, this study serves to remind th em to exercise their rights habitually.For lots of people who sacrificed their lives to realise what they have right now, one of them is Don Juan Assuming. The National Historical commitment, being the core historical body of the nation. May this study convince them to work out extensive efforts on preserving the past. And to address to them the felt need to improve the spreading of information of history to each and every Filipino citizen. The Antipodeans, for them to realize that one of their fellow statesmen expressed his patriotism to the nation and to Racial Province. And for them to take good care of this inheritance of a perfect symbol for political values.The topical anaesthetic Government of Antipodal City, this study should serve as stimulation for them to counterfeit programs to educate the people nearly the significance of Don Juan Assuming and use him as inspiration to honestly serve the city of Antipodal. The to appreciate Antipodal as much as Don Assuming loved his township and the locals. The Assuming Family, who is synonymous to the culture of excellence, strikement, integrity and armed service a defecate trusted and tested of time. This study is to thank them for opening to the researchers a declamatory chapter in their lives, Don Juan Assuming.May this study further inspire their unending confide to help others. The Juan Assuming Elementary School, an educational institution that has been a secure instrument in having the dreams of thousands of Antipodeans, may this study serve as their inspiration to produce more(prenominal) competitive students for they are carrying out such name of integrity. The Assuming Memorial High School, for the educators of the institution to realize that they are agents of transpose and may this study ply them to follow the values Don Assuming such as vivid display of nationalism and genuine service of the nation.Don Juan Marquee Assuming, whose story is worth telling, this study is to uncover and explore more of his efforts to sincerely serve the Racial Province and the people. In this way the researchers would like to express their deepest gratitude in being one of the finest public servants who truly served the nation according to his principle and patterns, a true gem of Antipodal City. 4 Scope and Limitation This study entitled Undying grandeur A Narrative Analysis on the Significance of Don Juan Assuming to Antipodeans, concerns itself close on the contributions of Don Juan Assuming to the development of Antipodal City today.This study is in a narrative style for it only tells and explains his legacy and the ensnare he has to Antipodeans especially the young minds. First is to know Juan Assuming better a brief overview on who he is, second are his characteristics that make him a significant historical figure of Antipodal City, third is to bring up the broad of his influence not only as the brains of opposition but also as a father of his clan, fourth is to recogni ze all of his contributions not only in the province of Racial but also in the whole nation.This study will no longer admit about the misconceptions of the young ones and the distinguished strategic solutions on how to properly aim the Antipodeans about him and how to strengthen the state of heritage tourism of Antipodal City. To larn reliable and concrete data the respondents were chosen air divisionicular(prenominal)ly, startle are the ones who are very close to Don Juan Summons heart, those who had never forgotten him, his family. They are the ones who will never forget what he has done and live up to his ideals and visions.Other than the family, a public servant who is inspired by his ideals and love for the city is asked to be interviewed for additional bridge overing details and lastly the researchers conducted an interview with a historian who verified the data that have been collected. The setting was set to cause accurate and consistent information only at Antipoda l City wherein the center of study is concentrated. 2. 0 brush up of Related Literature 1 Theoretical Framework leadership effectiveness.Researchers analyzed physical and psychological peculiaritys, or qualities, such as high level, appearance, aggressiveness, self-reliance, persuasiveness, and dominance on an effort to bring out a set of traits that all successful leaders possessed. The researchers see the trait possibleness as the most effective theory that will guide the study. Trait theory of leadership generally considered the first modern theory of adhering became popular during the second half of the twentieth century and despite pedantic criticism has continued to be popular.The theory states that certain innate traits are common to leaders. Although the identified traits vary the most common are news show, self-confidence, determination, integrity, and sociability. In 1948, Ralph Melvin Stodgily tell that in specific set of traits determined who would lead across the variety of different situations. As a extend of his studies, he concluded that leadership was not the result of certain traits within the case-by-case lone, but of the relationship between an somebody and the social situation in which the individual found him or herself.In 1974, Stodgily conducted a second survey. His consequence was based on a comparison of new studies with his original ones, was more balanced. His first survey implied that situation was the guiding factor in determine leadership the second one concluded that both traits and situations determined leadership. jam M. Souses and Barry Z. Poster made a major contribution to trait theory. In early sasss more than 1500 managers responded to their survey in which they asked, What values do you olfactory sensation for in your superiors? Of the 225 values, characteristics, and views compiled from the answers the top four were being honest, for fightd looking, inspiring, and competent. They called these being credible . It only shows that in a particular group or locality, an effective leader is needed in order for its growth and progression. 2. 2 Literature Review An individual exits noble when it shows great impact to its locality and is significant to its people. Nobility stood for social superiority. It is a reward for service rendered to the state.It is a quality that the self-directed power imprints upon private errors, so as to raise them and their descendants above the other citizens, (Greenfield, 1992). Nobility was associated with good character, moral worth, magnanimity, and ethical goodness. Nobles thus fall in to one another and easily recognize by others, (Robinson, 2001). To be noble is to have political power. It is impossible to achieve noble status without first exercising considerable power to get there, (Poster, 2004, p. 110).Significance on the other draw is defined as the quality of being important and interaction between different levels of power between formal and inf ormal, the riveter and the state, the centre and localities, (Vine, 1995). As a baseball legend Jackie Robinson once noted life is not significant except for its impact on other lives, (Maxwell, 2013). The researchers found these deuce words nobility and significance are intertwined together. As the gathered divers(a) sources of data support that a person who is in a way influential and great is noble and significant.Now, how does history takes place in it? History is shaped through diverse correctts done by man in the earlier period which have great impacts to present time. History as well plays a vital role in the identity of man. It is the construction of personal and collective identity through memory, the social, cultural, and political use and lam of narrating the past, and the psychological structures of remembering, repressing, and recalling. Thus, a man is the product of his past. Whoever he is today is the result of the past he has. Filipinos of today are identified and linked to its olden times.It is express that great men in time were written in history. According to Great Man Theory, great man is a single, out-standing individual can emerge in a time of crisis and steer a nation to victory, (Bug, 2011). A great man shows greatness in his own way. Greatness equates to a constellation of character traits such as integrity, intelligence and self-confidence, (Bug, 2011). Many great Filipino men were penned in the past. The late Juan Assuming was one of them. He was a self-made man, (Association, Filipino Historical, 1975).He has done something larger than himself, and stories larger than his life that benefited the later generations. Just a dreamer An obligate written on the Filipino Free Press defined Juan Assuming as a dreamer and an idealist, (Guerdon, 1938). He likes to plan quietly for an ideal state. He led a life dedicated to ideals of democracy, integrity, and selfless public service, Immense-Healer, 2001). Don Juan was considered as a successful seers and prophets, (Association, Philippine Historical, 1975). He was a man of foresight, (Association, Philippine Historical, 1975).He excelled in logical thinking and unbending attitude toward questions which in a way of thinking were crucial in the upshot of the Philippine problems, (Gecko, 1948). His Statesmans vision made him realize that while the nationalists political program could win the votes of the people as, indeed, it was proved in the alternative for the Assembly in 1907 it would thus far disastrous to the people if implemented. He was realistic, (Association, Philippine Historical, 1975, p. 182). Warrior of Democracy Don Juan is in a way the first and the last Ant.Due of his principles and beliefs he getting independence for the nation, (Guerdon, 1938). He was one of the eminent Filipinos who organized the first political fellowship in the Philippines the Federal Party, for the purpose of promoting permanent violation of the Philippines to the Un ited States and its ultimate admission as one of the States of the American Union, Gecko, 1948). Assuming came to be cognise as a supporter of the party. He sincerely believed that a whole tone by step democratic system was good for the Filipino people. That, to achieve political independence it must coincide with economic independence as well.He knew it would take some time for the economy to be viable because of the rotation and Filipino-American War, (Association, Philippine Historical, 1975). He gave full support in the restoration of stop and order after the Filipino-American war. Yet, the Federal Party found out that there was no favorable response to their appeal from the Filipino people so they decided to dissolve it, (Gecko, 1948). The dissolution of Federal Party gave way to save of cash advance Party or the Partied National Progression, Juan Assuming as the Vice-President, which platform was not neighboring(a) independence.Its goal was to achieve Philippine indepen dence by progressive stages. On the other hand, the Nationalists Party of Guenon adopted the absolute, complete, and ready Independence as platform and battle cry (Association, Philippine Historical, 1975). The Progression party was accused of not favoring independence, (Gecko, 1948). The people wanted Juan Assuming to remises immediate independence but he did not say it because he believed it would be a lie if he did. So, the victory was easily won by the Nationalists Party over again, (Association, Philippine Historical, 1975).In 1930 to 1931, Don Juan was in the United States as a member of the Philippine Independence Mission which presented before the U. S sexual relation the side of the Filipinos on the several bills which were then the fore break awayners of what was subsequently enacted as the Philippine Independence Act, (Association, Philippine Historical, 1975). When the first Philippine Independence Act, known as the Hare-Hawse-Cutting Act was enacted by the U. S Cong ress, Don Juan made a careful study of its provisions and opposed its acceptance by Filipinos.Due of its provision that even after the Philippines was granted the Independence it deserved, the United States would continue to exercise sovereignty over U. S military bases in the nation. He expressed his opposition in an article published in La Vanguard. Other men as well opposed the Hare-Hawse-Cutting Act listed as Guenon, Gondola, Recto and more. They became known as the Ants. Someone, Rosa, and others who were defending and favoring the Act were known as Pros, (Association, Philippine Historical, 1975).In the resource of 1934, Don Juan ran as the candidate of Ants as Senator in the fourth senatorial district. He got the sides of the people and the Ants became the party in power, (Association, Philippine Historical, 1975). Shortly after the election the Nationalists and the Democrat merged and created President and Senator Assuming as Vice-President. But the unification and fusion of Nationalists and Democrat did not last, he went against Guenon when it came-up to him that the fusion of 2 parties would kill the opposition party necessary to preservation of democracy, (Association, Philippine Historical, 1975).All through the times of Senator Juan Summons life he was fighting for the democracy of the nation until the time he was bed-ridden, Immense-Healer, 2001). Before he got heat attack during the invasion of Japanese in the Philippines, he said that it was not right for the Filipino leaders to agree to any agreement as long as there were Filipinos fighting and dying in Bataan against Japanese occupation. He died incorruptible to his country, devoted to the cause of democracy, and seeking to always do what is right for his people, (Association, Philippine Historical, 1975).He showed his love by making a tan and fighting for his own nation and his fellow Filipino. Filipinos Filipinos means love of the country. It is an appreciation of everything that is be autiful in our land. It is a feeling of oneness and togetherness with all our people irrespective of status, religion, or social position, (S. C, 1996, p. 74). In 1896, when the Philippine revolution against the Spain erupted Juan Assuming who was in his first year at the University of Stop.Atoms stopped his studies and joined and served as secretary of the rotatory forces of Austin Nativity in Mormon Headquarters, (Association, Philippine Historical, 1975, p. 73), Immense- Healer, 2001). During the Filipino-American war, Assuming was persuaded to support the American policy of pacification due to the possibility of blood-spattered and prolonged war that might convey more sufferings to the Filipinos, Immense-Healer, 2001). Throughout the times the Philippines was given the materialize by the U. S congress to draft its own constitution, Assuming jilted the Joint Resolution No. Which received tremendous criticisms from the members of Assembly that revealed not only legalistic mind concerned with proper form but as well as nationalistic bent. This exposed his unstated belief that the Filipinos coveted no less than independence, Immense-Healer, 2001, p. 54). It was for the good of people that he remained in the opposition, (Association, Philippine Historical, 1975, p. 182). Politician Don Juan involved himself in politics in 1901. He presents a unique profile off Filipino Politician, Immense-Healer, 2001, p. 170).Senator Juan Summons political success and immortality did not lie in having taken high positions in the government Assuming provided the Filipinos with a model for a new instigant of politics. He believed that politics was not solely the pursuit of political power. Rather, it was a way by which the people could be informed and educated about the issues that mattered in their lives, Immense-Healer, 2001, p. 170). Serving the Filipino people and not winning was the particular goal of Juan Assuming when he ran for elections, Immense-Healer, 2001).Dist inguished Men of Time Aside from Don Juan Assuming there were as well prominent Filipino men who fought and sacrificed their lives for the comfort and freedom the present generation is enjoying. Men who coincidentally, shared same principles, beliefs, love for the nation and fellowmen, and warriors of democracy, showed Filipinos, and as well Laotians. Evil B. Xavier The Impossible Dreamer (1942-1946) If you disputation at windmills, you either get flung to the mud or high-flown tossed right up to the stars Evolve Xavier.The Impossible Dreamer as known to his colleagues and booster stations was natural October 31, 1942 in upland town of Hamlin, Antique. He studied at Atone University and became a member of LAB Party. He was a friend to Benign Ninny Aquinas and they shared the same political dream for democracy to flourish once again in the Philippines. He decided to run for Constitutional Convention when he realized that he had to e part of the political system in order to effec t change, although he lost, the side by side(p) year he ran for governor of Antique and became one of the youngest governors in the said province.In his campaign letter, he declared that he was running because he wanted to restore to people, especially children, the ability to dream. The children of his time adored him and were attracted to his idealism and charisma. His government activity was his people and his bailiwick was the faith he induced in them. He pushed for people- centered, resource-based development long before the political structures and attitudes became ready for it. He worked beneath the constraints of Martial Law as a member of the opposition.In 1980, Nora recalled that when his brother Beaver) stepped conquer and asked what he will do after doing so, said l will continue to be a dreamer, I will continue to tilt against the windmill. Xavier decided he could no longer serve down the stairs a regime whose laws and principles were in conflict with his morals. H is family and lived in peace and ease. It was the character assassination of his colleague, Ninny that Jolted Xavier out of Contentment and brought him back to Philippines. He said he has a role to play as a freewoman not someone bound by Martial Law.Indeed in 1984, two years before his death, he ran for Antiques lone Assemblyman Seat in batsman Bananas. On May 13, the eve of the elections, seven of Savers campaign workers were crossing the Panning connect when they were ambushed from all sides by armed men. On the day of declaration of election winner, returns showed Xavier leading, until the returns from San Regimes, suspiciously wrapped in cement paper showed otherwise. Predictability, Pacification, Marcos ally, announced the winner. Xavier cried electoral fraud and filed a case but was dismissed by the Commission on Elections.So, he brought the protest to Supreme Court but again buried until 1986. There were times Xavier would lose hope, when he feared that Antique would never be free of its warlord politics and that the Philippines would always remain chaotic. But hope came when Marcos announced the holding of snap election. Carbon Aquinas declared her political campaign for president after supporters gathered one million signatures. Xavier decided to become Aquinas campaign manager in Antique. It was a decision that would approach him his life. On February 1 1, Xavier spent his morning at the Provincial Capitol, observe the invasion of election returns.When at 1045 a. M. He was killed by six hooded men wielding 16 riffles. More than 50,000 Antiques wanted to see and regret for him. It took 21 hours and 200 kilometers through 12 towns for his body to arrive at San Jose where he was buried on February 20. Two days after he was buried, the DEEDS People Power Revolution began, (Balloon, 2006). Lorenz M. Tanana Aka-Tanana Nationalist at disembodied spirit and in Deed To him everything that was inimical to the interest of the Philippines and of the Filip ino people was to be rejected. And everything that promoted the good of the neutron and people was to be embraced Tees Duenna Lorenz M.Tanana commonly known as Aka-Tawny was born on August 10, 1898 in Sumac, Tablas (now Guenon). He was an activist. His first taste of activism happened when he was in fifth grade at Donation Elementary School. He was a crusader by nature. All ideals he embraced though legion(predicate) and diverse came under one roof Nationalism. It was his personal trademark, a long battle he fought with his body, mind, heart, and soul. Soon he became synonymous with the concept of Nationalism. As a senator, he was not only a brilliant lawgiver but also a public servant who

Altruism/Kin Selection

Dream as if youll feel forever, live as if youll die today (James Dean) By this being give tongue to emmets and bees ar there to protect and provide for the queen at any means necessary. This is where altruism and syndicate plectron play a vast role in the lives of bees and ants. relationship selection and selflessness is correspond with social insects to dominate some terrestrial habitats that they can hardly see it as colony of organisms because the individualistics appear to operate as a unit of measurement that is dedicated to the perpetuation and reproduction of the colony as a whole.Altruism and Kin selection vary in many ways. There ar undersized colonies with simply a fewer individuals and then there atomic number 18 nigh with thousands or hitherto millions of individuals. Colonies whitethorn begin by virtuoso individual or by a large cohort of a levy colony. In round bees and ant colonies they be short lived or seasonal, notwithstanding they may pe rsist for many years. Bees and ants colonies consist of both turn ones however, another(prenominal)(a)s be entirely fe young-begetting(prenominal)s. Since the Hymenoptera (ants and bees) be haplodiploid, the diploid female produces from fertilized eggs and haploid males from unfertilized eggs (David C. Queller and Joan E. Strassmann). They have a society that is similar to unmatched another when it suffers to generative division of labor. The insects have only one or a few generative, c eithered promote. The individual are players that specialize in foraging, defending, and carrying for the young. However, they may or may not be morphologically distinct from the reproducing club (Queller and Strassmann). Kin selection and altruism is widely important according to William D. Hamilton, he generalized it, quantified it, and was the first to argue that it was important.They formalize the obvious point that dowry relatives is advantageous, whereas harming them is not. Basi cally it explains how to enumerate over situations in which there are tradeoffs surrounded by inspection and repair and harm, for instance like with the bees and ants, they show helping manners instead than harming. Ants and bees know when to aid one relative at the expense of another. or else of having the mentality of being on there own all the time, having to look over their shoulder 24/7. They have always made an en categorydle challenge to our evolving notion and social insects are highly altruistic.Altruism is sensational, when a prole bee commits suicide in stinging an adversary (Turner J. Scott). The hordes of sterile workers that help others come from their parents or occasionally siblings that reproduce in their stead. Darwin thinks that treating altruism as a subterfuge will advance the genetic of the insects to interest of altruist. Interplay between kin selection theory and Altruism has been very complex. Now with bees and ants, altruistic behavior is favored by genetic peculiarity called haplodiploidy. Which means the parental genes are transmitted differently into male and female offspring.Haplodiploidy skews the genetic relationships between parents and siblings in a way that favors altruism (Scott). Bees that work can more or less efficaciously transmit her genes to the future gene rations not by producing her own offspring though. However, it forces her obtain to produce sisters for her. Bee colonies are single fertile queens as good as ants and the hordes of the sterile, we cannot forget about the female workers either. The production of a few fertile females and drones fol belittled from the genetic peculiarity (Manojkumar, Ramteke, and Gupta Santosh K. ).Kin selection operates in the organisms other than altruism, has an important goal to include all of the organisms in a common explanatory framework. It has the theory that predicts that colony mates essential be cerebrate and that antisepsis must be conditionally expressed . In some insects, for instance, the ant in particular, colonies are founded by numerous unrelated queens. Since they collaborate oft in the face of brood stealing by other colonies and in rearing a larger initial worker force, which is crucial for the archaeozoic survival of the colony (Wenseleers, Tom, Adam G. Hart, and Francis L. W. Ratnieks). Then the workers that emerge, cooperation among the queens usually ends and all killed except one, either by their rivals or by workers. If the queen has some type of probability of being the sole survivor, queens that has direct benefits is more(prenominal) mutualistic than altruistic. Being that no altruistic sacrifice requiring kin selection takes interpose and each queen takes a calculated risk in laborious to become the sole queen of a large successful colony.The queens that are not related fight for control of the nest and workers force. These fights are very intense and end in the death of all but one queen. A great challenge to the central prediction of kin selection is posted by ants, called unicolonial ants, which are characterized by huge colonies, many queens, and teensy-weensy aggression within a network of interconnected nests that are probably formed by budding. Even though so little kin selection is possible, unless individuals can distinguish c drift off kin from random colony mates, altruism might be maintained.This is so workers in these species are too specialized to revert to a reproductive role. With zero relatedness, traits of nonreproductive workers lose all heritability and workers traits can no longer evolve adaptively (Queller and Strassmann). For kin selection to produce a sterile caste its genes for sterility must either be expressed conditionally or have low penetrance. A sterility gene that is always expressed never gets reproduced even if it indirectly. This is so any relatives with the gene are also sterile.However, a sterility gene expressed only in poorly fed females causes the m to help well-fed relatives, which can then transmit their unexpressed sterility genes is a prime example of evolving under kin selection (Queller and Strassmann). Queenship in stingless bees is thought to be because of heterozygosity, which is a special mechanism that is consistent with altruism. The most shocking support for kin selection from of any organism comes from the studies of sex ratio. Sex ratio chemical equilibrium occurs when the number of males and females are equal.The relatedness does not incite if the sex ratio is controlled by workers in the ants or bees, whose haplodiploid genetic trunk generates peculiar pattern (Queller and Strassmann). Most colonies that are headed by a single mated queen, workers can allocate their effort between two kinds of reproductive. mavin is a female who are full sister, related by 0. 75, and males who are brothers that are related by 0. 25. Then there is the reproductive males and females who are equally costly to produce. This t heory is predicted by a population equilibrium at three reproductive female for every reproductive male (Queller and Strassmann).Being that the ratio is an equilibrium the average male has three fold reproductive advantage over the average female, which an advantage that is exactly balanced from the worker point of view by the fact that a brother carries only one third of as many worker genes as a sister. Males and females are not equally costly the same conclutions hold for ratio of investings because the queen controls the investment, which mean the equilibrium is a 11 investment ratio. Whereas, under the workers control the equilibrium investment ratio is 31, because this provided the females reared are full sisters.Haplodiploid hypothesis has been so influential that it is sometimes wooly-minded with the much more general theory of kin selection itself (Queller and Strassmann). Meanwhile, the celestial latitude has sometimes led to the misimpression that kin selection theory has been proven inadequate. some female Hymenoptera have the abilities that could make them effective workers. There are many ways in which groups of individuals can organize their work synergistically as a rule this synergism must evolve after cooperation has been initiated for other reasons.There is an exception that might arise if a female is in a poor condition and is unable to function well as reproductive but are still able function well as helpers provides better defense against predators. Two stings might be more than in two ways as effective as in one. Kin Selection and Altruism play a huge roll in ants and bees colonies to help them perish longer and to keep the colony running as long as it does. Without these bees and ants probably would not last more than a few weeks.

The Secret of Ella and Micha Chapter 23

EllaWe decide to visit Grady in the beginning we part slipway and head off on our separate adventures. Amy, his nurse, called me and told me that Grady was still in the hospital, only if that he was allowed to have visitors. We make the hour drive virtually the mountains and to Monroe Hospital, severe to enjoy our closing curtain fewer days together.Its a silky, sunny day, and the trees on the side of the road be green. I hang my head erupt the window, watching the road, feeling like theres so much waiting for me in life.What are you doing? Micha teases, turning the music use up. Trying to be a give chase?I shake my head and look up at the bright blue sky. No, Im just enjoying the nice, warm day.He laughs at me and turns the music lynchpin up. My head remains extinct the window until we reach town, then I return to my seat. When we pull up to the hospital, blue and red lights light up the parking lot and my stomach constricts thinking ab come forth the night they showe d up to take my nonpluss body outdoor(a).Micha squeezes my spend, permit me distinguish hes there for me. You ready for this?I nod and we walk hand-in-hand across the parking lot and through the machinelike glass doors. A lot of people are academic session in the waiting agency and there is a baby crying obstreperously on a womans lap. The smell of cleaner collides with my nostrils as we walk up to the front desk where a secretary is talking on the phone. Shes young with morose hair woven in a bun on carousel of her head. I catch her eyes skimming across Micha as she hangs up the phone and turns to us.She everywherelaps her hands and sets them on the counter. Can I help you?Yeah, layabout you itemise us what room Grady Morris is in? Micha asks with a polite smile.She lights-out her fingers on the keyboard and then reads the screen. Hes on the second floor in room 214.We nod graciously and head for the elevator. Micha swings his arm around me, guiding me juxtaposed as we reach the floor and I slip my hand into the screen pocket of his jeans, craving his comfort. When we enter the room, my insides twist until I notice Grady is sitting up in his crinkle, eating a cup full of green Jell-O. He looks pale under the florescent light, his arms nearly bones, and his eyes are much sunken in then the last time I saw him. A machine is hooked up to him, beeping in the corner, and an IV is taped to the back of his hand. Some of his items from home are hanging on the wall, making them not so bare.Somehow, he manages to genuinely smile. Just what I wanted. To see my 2 favorite people in the totally full(a) world.I loosen up and Micha and I pull up chairs beside his kip tear down on opposing sides of one another. Grady pushes the tray out of the way and sets his hands in his lap.So do you want to tell me whats up? he asks and Micha and I exchange confused looks. With the cuddly entrance you two made.Micha made me do it, I joke, sliding a glance at Mich a. He was organism a baby. Said he needed to be coddled.Micha winks at me. Yep, and you sink for it.Grady shakes his head and a frail laugh escapes his lips. Ah, its genuine to see you two back together. He grows silent, fixing his attention on me. You look happier than the last time I saw you.I am happier, I tell him, resting my arms on his bed.Youre still not there though, he translates with concern.I know, I say. But Ill keep working on it.He seems circumscribe with my answer. I have something for you over in the corner.Micha and I track his inspect to a small box nestled in the corner of the room. I walk over to it and peer down inside. My smile expands as I pick up that broken vase I destroyed when I was a child. Its black, with a red pattern around the top, but the bottom is burst out, so it can never hold flowers again. I turn to him with the vase in my hands. You kept this?He shrugs. Just because its broken doesnt mean it loses its importance. And I evaluate Id give it to you one day when you realized it was okay to make mistakes. bust build up in the corners of my eyes. give thanks you, Grady. And I mean that. Thank you for everything. For giving me a small amount of comfort during my childhood and letting me know that not everything has to be difficult.Youre welcome, he says simply.I go over to the bed and crush him, trying not to cry, but a few tears slip out and I quickly wipe them away before I pull back.We talk a little more about the stuff were doing, then the nurse shows up and shoos us out so she can change his sheets. Micha and I leave, knowing it will plausibly be the last time we see him again. I cry the whole drive home, clutching on to the broken vase. But with Micha at my side, I know Ill be alright.MichaNow are you sure you packed everything up? My mom asks for the billionth time.I never told her what happened with my dad. I didnt want her to have to stir up more than she already does. Thats one moment Ill keep locked away forever.I pick up my guitar case from my bedroom floor and swing my dish antenna over my shoulder. Yes, I have everything packed, Mom. Now will you relax? Youre effort me crazy.Im sorry, she apologizes. Oh wait. Do you have enough money?I shake my head. The womans spillage to worry herself to death. Of course.Tears puddle in the corners of her eyes and she gives me a hug that nearly squeezes the air out of me. Micha Scott youre the best son a mother could ask for.I press my lips together, trying not to laugh at her overdramatic reaction. Im going on the road for a few months, mom, not dying.She pulls away, wiping the running play mascara underneath her eyes. It doesnt mean Im going to miss you any less.Yeah, well see if you say that after Im back for a week and youre finding bras in your bed again.She swats my arm and points at the door. Okay, now you can go.Laughing, I head out the back door. Naomi isnt here yet, so I sit down on the steps, staring at Ellas house, wondering if shes going to come out. Shes never been good at good-byes so when her bedroom window slides open, Im surprised.But Im even more astonished when she scales out of the window and down the tree. She has the sexy, strapless dress on, and her chromatic hair is covering her bare shoulders. She doesnt say anything as she flings her arms around my neck. Her breath is hot against my ear and she buries her face into the side of my neck. I spue my guitar case and bag to the ground, pick her up, and embrace her with everything I have in me.Im going to miss you, she whispers softly.I run my hand up and down her back, shutting my eyes, and breathing her in. Itll be okay. Ill be back and annoying you before you know it.She looks at me with her big green eyes and then seals her lips over mine, snoging me indefinitely. My hands feel every part of her body, memorizing every curve, and the fluency of her skin. I back us up against the tree into the shade, and slip my hand underneath her dress, fee ling her there too.Alright Romeo, its time to go. Naomi honks the horn of the SUV.Sighing heavily, I release Ella and she puts her feet back on the ground. Ill call you every day.I kiss her one last time, then get into the car. She watches me the entire way down the driveway, with her arms folded, fighting to stay composed. When we turn onto the road she walks to the end of the driveway, keeping her eyes on me for as long as possible. But finally we slip away from each other.

Children and Young People’s Development Essay

A babe ontogenesis is influenced in many shipway such as their background, health and environment. These factors go away take in an impact on the claws dissimilar atomic number 18as of development.BackgroundChildren come from all different family environments, cultures and circumstances. Children go through signifi fecest family diversitys such as a family break-up or a new-fangled step-family. These can make a claws delirious and intellectual development. A child whitethorn to a fault change their behaviour, which means in that location ability to learn is decreased. This can feign their aroused development because they may feel like it is their fault for the break up. Having a new step-family is a big change for round children, this may affect their emotional development, as they may feel as if there beat/father is replacing each separate. The child may also wee-wee difficulty bonding with their new family. Some children may be advisedly hostile towards a s tep-parent as they may feel it is the only payoff for their feelings, and those who do not express their feelings openly may become withdrawn. This can see major effects on their intellectual development, as they may become withdrawn at give instruction and un sufficient to concentrate on learning.Read more Explain how children and young peoples development is influenced by a range of personal factors essayComing from a low income family may have a significant effect on a childs development. Burnham and Baker state Statistic show that children who come from deprived backgrounds are less likely to thrive and achieve well in school. Coming from a low income family may affect a childs intellectual development, as the family may not be fitting to afford to pay for extra activities such as swimming lessons or dance lessons. This could also have an impact on the childs physical development. This may affect the way a child is able to respond in certain situations. There communicational development may be affected as they may not have interacted with children their witness age before. Cultural differences may also impact a child development, as they may feel isolated at school.This would affect there communication and intellectual development, as they may be unable to express with other children. They my also feel excluded because they are brought up different, this can affect their emotional development. Not interacting with other peers can have a plumping impact on different types of development, such as emotional as they can feel isolated and excluded. Childrens with different cultural beliefs or practice may cause emotional conflict. Such as if they loss to participate in an activity which goes against their families wishes or religious beliefs, they would feel excluded. former(a) issues would be if the child has moved countries their intellectual development may be affected due to the fact that they have to catch up with new languages and cultures.Health If a child suffers from shortsighted health or impairment, this may have an effect on their development. If a child suffers from a medical examination condition this may lessen their ability to participate in activities than other children. This will affect their physical development, as well as their emotional development. Depending how aware the child is about their needs, they may feel excluded and isolated from other children. Other health factors maybe that the child was innate(p) wrong, as they are more likely to develop slower than a healthy born child. There may be an effect on their physical development, as they are a smaller and behind on developing. This may also have an in pact on their intellectual development, as it has been shown that premature babies struggle with maths. Burdo-Hartman says. Memorizing math facts in particular has been shown to be difficult for some preemies,EnvironmentA childs environment, for example, family or school, tactics a capacious part in their development. A family that abuses or neglects a child will damage the childs natural development. The indifferent family style has a negative effect on the child. The child may not have much opportunity, they may just watch television or play video games all day, will not gain the experiences and interactions needed to get along their development. Where a child lives is an important factor for their development. If they live in poor areas, there are less services and opportunities. This can have a negative effect on their intellectual development as they are not able to access services such as playgroups or afterschool clubs. On the other hand, wealthy areas are more likely to have better services and opportunities, this means that a childs development may not be affected.Burnham, L. Baker, B. (2010). Support Teaching and Learning in schools. Essex Heinemann Learning.

German Philosophers Essay

My paper is rough Kants bringing close togethers of increase which sh solely focus on a study of his wrenchs such as Idea for a Universal History and his most famous work What is Enlightenment? as basis for compend. This paper also explains the opposing views of Mendelssohn from Kants ideas of further. It go forth comp ar Mendelssohns idea of enlightenment from that of Kant. His contribution to the license of Jews will be discussed too. I will include also nearly ideas from other philosophers like Nietzsche on The Genealogy of Morality and Hegel on the ism of history.The opposing views of Mendelssohn on e homoation atomic number 18 also discussed pointing his views on secularisation and enlightenment in relation to Kants views. A little will be discussed on Kants Perpetual Peace essay pointing it on a philosophical manner. Other philosopher such as Nietzsches views on incorruptity victimization his work On the Genealogy of Morality shall be discussed in relation with Kants two routes of distinguishing discernments (ethical and aesthetic scheme). psychiatric hospital The primary objective of this paper is to discuss Kants historic theory of furtheranceion.The showtime approach in understanding his ideas is to touch in his historical ism. Since the system used for reconstructing Kants philosophical history is critical it results to inadequate remarks thus the use of a horizontal approach is requisite. A much general issue of philosophical matters will usually submerge using the historical philosophy approach. This approach is facilitateful in understanding the dialog amidst contemporaries because it particular criticizes the idea of cash advance.The Kants theory of progression involves a strong case of particular criticism addressing these objections (i) the rejection of the idea of progression due to devotions being secularized (ii) that his ideas on progression are chronologically unfair because this try to mean that the earlier g eneration gets a raw deal (iii) that progression delivers the species into end slight unsatisfaction (iv) that progression adds to a unhealthful homogenization which may eliminate handed-down values and practices (McCloughan 2003).The ways of public opinion as distinguished by Kant such as the priori impression and the posteriori judgment the mixtureer judgment explains that something is known a priori if it is neither derived from nor testable by sniff come forth experience maculation the latter judgments is derived from or is testable by experience. These judgment meat that we put on no certain know fartge closely experience, and according to Kant, he believed that we had such familiarity thus we ask the question How are artificial a priori judgment? On the other hand, in Mendelssohns capitulum, aesthetics in relationship to Kants theory of aesthetic is closely relate with psychology (Kant 1983). I. What is progress? Progress is a broad term that is believed to be an act of rejection throughout history by human communities of their attitude. However, an increasing come up of intellectuals believe that the methods and spirit of science mustiness be applied to all fields. Because of this belief, the idea of progress came to include a concept of social and chaste progress.It was pass ond that the cumulative improvement in human knowledge and ply that had been brought about in the physical sciences could also be brought about in the organization of human society and its character if wholly these barriers against the employment of intellectual methods in morals, religion, and politics could be eradicated (McCloughan 2003). In pre-modern Western culture, the idea of progress challenged the view that the golden age of humankind devised in the past and that the aging of the Earth involves decay for it and analogous to the aging of individual living organisms.Moreover, the idea of progress implies a trend to history and time that contrasts s harply with the orbitual conceptions of time and of history that is dominant in ancient history. Finally, the idea of progress implies an activist role for humans in defining their well-being and in causing it, in the present and for the future (McCloughan 2003). II. Kants idea of progression and his ways of judgment fit to Kant, humanity, as whole, was gradually progressing towards enlightenment that on that point is a progression that expresses the idea of the history of humankind.Moreover, it is directing towards a goal, which led to the development of shifting interpretations of this abstract notion. Kant stresses the unplanned character of the development of history, which is much likely to go after on its way to a ecumenical world order. Progress toward the commencement of perpetual peace will be unpredictable and painful because eyepatch the process is undergoing, progress will gull a more regular pace. Progress would also take the form of a more balanced development o f human capacities.Both at the national and international levels, spontaneous antagonism will not only holds up the process of development, but also ensures that such development as has taken place has failed to put attention to the all-important moral symmetry (Kant 1983). Progression would be the universal history of all humanity and it is rattling comprehensive that often takes the case with traditional universal histories, the future as well as the past. Nevertheless, progression is more than just a line of battle of all facts falling under the intersection of the concepts human and history.According to Kant, this would amount to what he calls an aggregate, a mere distributive sensation, and would fail to satisfy causes demand for systematic or collective consonance (Kant 1983). When human beings emerge from his self-incurred minority, it is called Enlightenment that is, on a public level, the application of singles own understanding, improvement without the help of anoth er(prenominal) individual. Kant asserted that it is the freedom of thought and all individuals stinker walk out this freedom indiscriminately.While I agree that enlightenment transcends economic grade and race, freedom of thought but it cannot practically be extended to everyone (Kant 1983). Furthermore, in Kants lyric poem, progress may be associated with human reason and dialog about how things are presented to us. Human understanding is only concerned of how it whole kit and caboodle but it not concern with the foundations. In Kants mind, however, neither sciences nor philosophy must answer to those questions, since this separate their innate capacities.Nevertheless, this does not mean that it is less worthwhile to answer questions on one side because he utter that we could not construct any serious progress in physics, for example, while we argue over the issue of whether it is logically consistent to talk about laws of nature. However, it does mean that whatever we are d oing we are in an important respect, fillet to do philosophy. If this is correct, then there is no chance of achieving progress in philosophy by adopting a paradigm that helps achieve progress, but only by making it cease to be philosophy (Kant 1983).Kant saw the line of knowledge was on the issue of how to connect the is of sense experience with the must of necessary and universal lawfulness. First, we distinguish analytic from synthetical judgments. An analytic judgment can be ascertained by looking on the truth of such judgment which can be know by an analysis of the subject while a synthetic judgment can be ascertained by looking at the truth of such a statement which cannot be known through an analysis of the subject (McCloughan 2003). Philosophers forrader Kant stated that an analytic judgment was known a priori while the synthetic judgment was known a posteriori.The former were always and necessarily square(a) but true only about the meaning and relation of words not ab out the world while the latter judgment was about the world but they could only be contingent or equiprobable truths. Kant believed that we have no certain knowledge about experience and we had such knowledge. As a solution, he further adds that experience provides the content and the mind provides the social organizations that determine the way in which the content will be make and understood (McCloughan 2003). III. Kant on the issue of moralityKant says in a moral sphere that he has denied knowledge to make room for faith because he believe that moral law cannot be justified by reason it can only be obeyed on its own sake. According to Kants ethical theory, which rests on the concept of duty, a good person acts out of duty not because he fears punishment but because it his duty. The categorical supreme states that a person should act in such a way that it are possible for one to will that the maxim of ones action should cash in ones chips a universal law (Kant 1983).On the ot her hand, according to Kants aesthetic theory, which holds that judgment, give beauty to something, although they rest on feeling, but have valid claims although these are mere statements of taste or of opinion. This concept involves a judgment, which are on purpose for example, when a person judges something to be beautiful there is harmony of the experienced object with mental structure (Kant 1983). IV. Mendelssohns Views Mendelssohn believed that destiny should be divided into two separate categories.The first is the personal, private, and intellectual destiny of man and the second was the destiny as a citizen of a state or a public, duty-oriented destiny. In an enlightened society according to him, the need for culture is ideally eliminated and substituted by the virtues of Enlightenment (Mendelssohn 1983). Moreover, another important truth about the Enlightenment thinking is the possession of knowledge through experience and observation, education, and self-probing on an intell ectual and spiritual level. Moreover, by fulfilling these quests shall lead you to the path of Enlightenment.The idea of Mendelssohn on Enlightenment has distinguished the destiny of man through his roles as both a citizen of a state and between the role of a human to morality, religion, and personal philosophy. He discovers that this distinction is necessary because he believes that the personal interests of man as a human can do conflict with the interests of public man. According to him, the ideals of Enlightenment should be exceptional in their availability to man when it is in the best interest of the state and they should not meddle with work ethics or motivations, as they are necessary to the functioning of society (Mendelssohn 1983).V. Mendelssohns contribution to Judaic thought and secularization Mendelssohns principal contribution to Jewish thought concerns a declaration of inconsistency while he supports the abolition of excommunication while remaining loyal to biblica l law, and is willing to overlook such coercion. In Mendelssohns reply, Jerusalem Or On Religious Power and Judaism which was one of the first works in German to plead for freedom of scruples in spectral matters, separates church building and state, and the civil rights for the Jews.According to him, both states and church have as their final goals the promotion of human happiness. The state is permitted to go through specific actions, whereas the churchs task is to convince its followers of their religious and ethical duties through persuasion alone (Mendelssohn 1983). Mendelssohn replied to the question of the continued berth of Jewish law, and said that the ceremonial law originating from the Hebrew Bible is concealment solely on the Jewish people and Judaism is a religion of revealed command but not of revealed beliefs.He further said that the existence and unity of God, the reality of divine providence, and the immortality of the soul should be declared on the thousand o f natural reason, not miracles or supernatural divine revelation. Mendelssohn was concerned with freedom wrong one religion as well as freedom of religion for minority communities but he is still confirming the continued berth of Jewish law. He argued that by identifying the church and state in biblical Israel should end with the destruction of the ancient association of states and laws that preserve the universal principles of Jewish faith against errors into idolatry and polytheism.Until God arranges another indubitable supernatural revelation to the Jewish people, these laws will not lose their force to replace that of climb up Sinai. However, loyalty to the Jewish law does not prevent the Jews from expecting the legitimate duties of citizenship in an enlightened society (Mendelssohn 1983). Mendelssohn was seen as a forebear of the conflicting trends of German Jewry but Kant as well as Hegel viewed his synthesis of philosophical theism and traditional religious observance as o utdated.Nevertheless, he was revered by the Enlighteners for having travel from the ghetto to modern society without abandoning the Jewish tradition or the Jewish people. However, Mendelssohn was criticized for having paved the way to the loss of Jewish distinctiveness and, therefore, to assimilation. In retrospect, his thought and invigoration can be seen to have posed some of the fundamental issues of Jewish religious survival in secular, liberal society (Mendelssohn 1983).

Improving socials skills

Social/Cultural The small fry recognizes his/her p arnts as safe people. environmental Improving affectionates skills, festering fri mop upships, Improving self-confidence, and aiding the fretting ever. Developmental A primeval designate of adolescence is to beat a comprehend of oneself as an autonomous individual. The cram for much(prenominal)(prenominal) liberty derives from the internal, biological turnes patsy the transition to a much adult big businessman (puberty and increasing cognitive maturity) and from the shifts in social roles and expectations that copy these d avouchstairslying physiologic and cognitive turns.Spiritual It is difficult to identify the infants spiritual necessitate because of their limited ability to communicate on a linguistic level. However, substantiative looks of love and affection, and a stimulating environment may foster aspects of spiritism such as hope and security in an Infant. Young pincerren hug the first three de delay rs of Spiritual Development. Intellectual This fix up Is essential for narrow the seting practice of the child. This stage the child likewise learns problem declaration skills. turned on(p) Growing In a safe and happy environment Is also crucial for your childs long-term ripening. The more exposure to these activities, the lift developed boilers suit facial expression A stage is a plosive of snip, perhaps some(prenominal) eld, during which a arsons activities (at least in one broad domain) shed sealed characteristics in common (Frederick &038 Belittle, 2010). This theoretical account really says that people develop at diametric level and stages. Being a teacher I shadower agree with this theory.I track down tell a change with 7th graders that I teach and expect some maturity from the beginning of the year to the end of the year. In the incremental model ontogeny is seen as a change that is do gradually over while. This is a contrast to the stage model which ingests change as abrupt. (Frederick &038 Belittle, 2010) Both the incremental and the ultrasonically model debate that change takes place more gradually and continuously. (Frederick &038 Belittle, 2010) I destine that the flavor wheel target help explain how as human through and throughout our lives we evolve over eon throughout our lives.It also thunder mug memorialize at different articulations of our lives we centering on one or more aspects of the vitality wheel. Reference Frederick, P. C. , &038 Belittle, P. (2010). The sustenance span Human development for helping professions (3rd deed. ). Upper institutionalize River, NJ Pearson Education, Inc. Week Two The un sentencely Years Physical When a child is born they begin developing strength from large sinews to mall muscles. When children are young they need to do many activities to strengthen their large and small muscles.Something I realized is that muscle skill development and maintaining healthy body are esse ntial in life later for reading, writing and math. Social/Cultural In this stage the child develop a good sense of self and a sense of belonging to a family. They begin interacting with new(prenominal) children and they also play in stages (playing alone, playing near former(a)s but not really playing with them, not wanting to share, playing and sharing, and playing with a purpose). This tag is also were the child also learn to respect the rights and soupcons of others.environmental A childs environment plays a full-grown role in their development. Exposure to different forms of activities that exercise the analytical and creative sides of the brain are serious. Developmental (Week 1-3 only Reflection may entangle characteristics of this stage) Spiritual The pre-stage is infancy before &038 language and conceptual thought. Sometime in the midst of two and seven a child enters intuitive/ projective faith mark by the rise of supposition, but lacks logic for questioning perce ptions or fantasies.Next, children offsetion into mythic/literal faith. Here the child develops a way of life of relations with the world and making meaning that now criticizes and evaluates the previous stage of imagination and fantasy. Intellectual When a child is the brain is ready to learn and grow information. In essence the brain is like a computer, it has great capability for development. Having a great childhood greatly influences the way the child develops. Emotional Doing this period the child allow realize that the world does not wave around them.They learn to trust and mistrust others. As toddlers, they choke elevated of things they accomplish and egging stating their opinions and desires. They also begin to learn to be away from to take in issues that may arise with others using words. They a great deal control their angry and they learn that it is okay to make mistakes. Overall Reflection After reading astir(predicate) development through the primeval ye ars, I think that emotional and environmental developments are the most vital during this period. When we are first conceived the environment is the frame factor influencing us.Pigged believed that the mind creates its own knowledge. This constructivist stance takes the child to be an sprightly artificial in the learning process, constantly seeking out and try to make sense of new information. (Frederick &038 Belittle, 2010) If you look at it from this point of capture this is where teachers play an important part in making things catch the circumspection of students and making it go past them. New research is sightly available often over infant computer memory and recognition (Frederick &038 Belittle, 2010).This is true in the way that the environment plays a major role in the development process children are a product of their environment. The belief and behaviors of children are passed down room generation to generation. There are several things that I get myself doing t hat twain my mother and father do. I have read research that says enceinte mothers that read to their infants while in the womb have smarter children. Erik Erickson believed that the azoic years of a childs life were important to their emotional well-being (Frederick &038 Belittle, 2010).He had stated that the child should be nurtured, loved, and handled well to grow into an optimistic well locomote soulfulness (Frederick &038 Belittle, 2010) This is a very true being a teacher I see that the students that have parents hat are mobile and show that they care and support their child they care have the most well rounded students that I teach. While the students that have the parents that are focused on other things those students are not as much well rounded and voluntary to think extraneous of the box. Rebellions. (3rd deed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJ Pearson Education, Inc. Week 3 nerve centre Childhood through Early Adolescence Physical During the middle years, the childs g rowth rate is somewhat slower than in previous years, and certainly slight rapid than the growth anticipated during adolescence. These changes contribute to the childs growing sense of competence in relation to his fleshly abilities and enhance his potential for participating in sports, dance, gymnastics, and other physical pursuits.Social/Cultural A central task of adolescence is to develop a sense of oneself as an autonomous individual. The drive for such autonomy derives from the internal, biological processes marking the transition to a more adult role (puberty and increasing cognitive maturity) and from the shifts in social roles and expectations that accompany these underlying physiological and cognitive changes. Compared to children under age 10, teenagers re given new opportunities to experience independence outside of the bag.They spend much more unsupervised time with peers which (compared to adult-child relationships) are comparatively equal in terms of inter psycheal power and authority. At by adults in the family, in school, and in community-based programs or activities. Environmental The environmental changes that students experience as they move into middle-grade schools are particularly bad in that they emphasize competition, social comparison, and self-assessment at a time when the adolescents focus on himself or herself is at its height.The Junior high schools emphasis on discipline and teacher control, and its limited opportunities for student decision making, come at a time in development when adolescents are beginning to think of themselves as young adults who are become more responsible and be greater adult respect. A poor fit among the early adolescent and the classroom environment increases the risk of disengagement and school problems, particularly for those early adolescents who were having difficulty succeeding in school academically earlier to this school transition.Developmental A central task of adolescence is to evolve a sense of oneself as an autonomous individual. The drive for such autonomy derives from the internal, biological processes marking the transition to a more adult role (puberty and increasing cognitive maturity) and from the shifts in social roles and expectations that accompany these underlying physiological and cognitive changes. Compared to children under age 10, teenagers are given new opportunities to experience independence outside of the home.They spend much more unsupervised time with peers which (compared to adult-child relationships) are relatively equal in terms of inter personal power and authority. At the corresponding time, forever, they continue to rely on the support and guidance offered by adults in the family, in school, and in community-based programs or activities. Spiritual Part of the childs development as an individual intromits an emerging rendering of the life cycle?of birth, growth, aging, and ending.There is an increasing sensory faculty that life fit s into a larger scheme of relationships among individuals, groups of people, other living creatures, and the body politic itself. School-age children become keenly interested in these topics, especially when confronted with personal experiences such as the birth of a sibling or the death of a grandparent. As children experience these events and learn to view their personal encounters as part of a larger whole, families and communities append important structure.They define value systems that provide children with basic principles and encourage them to examine their personal actions in light of their shock absorber on those around them. Intellectual The most important cognitive changes during early adolescence relate to the increasing ability of children to think abstractly, consider the hypothetical as well as the real, consider multiple dimensions of a problem at the same time, and reflect on themselves and on complicated problems.There is also a steady increase in the sophistic ation of childrens information-processing and learning skills, their knowledge of different subjects, their ability to apply their knowledge to new learning situations, and their awareness of their own strengths and weaknesses as learners. These higher-order cognitive abilities help adolescents regulate their learning and behavior better to accomplish more complicated and elaborate tasks. Emotional Children in this period need both the freedom of personal expression and the structure of expectations and guidelines that they can comprehend and accept.Opportunities to interact with other hillier during this period without excessive adult psychological disorder is important, same time, children need to have exacting interactions with adults, reinforcing their sense of self-esteem, self-worth, and belief in their capability of personal success Overall Reflection Adolescence and middle childhood, although a time for exploration and the excitement of freedom and gaining maturity, is al so a time of struggle when teens work endless(prenominal)ly to identify themselves and come to terms with approaching adulthood and separation from family (Berger, 2008).Changes in the intensity of peer relationships help the adolescents in self-discovery and surmount he difficulties of their heightened sense of self. Peer constrict supports the adolescent, although the choice of friends can be either a help or a rafter depending on the interests of the peers. Adolescence is a time of self-centeredness and self-consciousness when peer pressure can be immense.As teens face social pressures that include experimentation with drugs and other substances, sexuality, and a changing perspective on relationships, their strong social meshing and the guidance of familial alliances are powerful relationships that mitigate stress during this time. These stages of development include significant changes physically, mentally, and emotionally. The choices made by individuals during these stages have both positive and negative consequences for the individual, his or her peers, and his or her families.Adolescence begins when a flood of hormones triggers puberty, usually between the age of 10 and 14. The release of sex-specific hormones of androgens and estrogen by the gonads produce physical and psychological changes. Maturation and increased efficiency of organs and muscles follow a major growth jet-propelled plane (Berger, 2008). Berger, K. S. (2008). The developing person through the life span (7th deed. ). New York Worth Week Four Young to Middle Adulthood Physical In this stage young adults complete the process of physical maturation, usually attaining full adult height.Secondary sexual characteristics, such as size of penis and breasts, are completed. Your organs and systems are all run at peak efficiency in young adulthood, roughly ages 21 to 39. Your body has grown, and your physical potential is set. You can take advantage of that by eating correctly and by work ing out to get stronger. This is the time in life when you can reach your peak physically. The growth spurt that came during puberty set the ground work for what you are capable of becoming as a young adult.Your body will respond to activities such as running, cardiac training, weight training and kick downstairst more predictably during young adulthood than it could when you were in puberty. Social/Cultural Some of the social changes include divorce, changes in employment (either reaching the peak of career or being unemployable for being overqualified), caring for elderly relatives, and difference in parental responsibilities (either taking them on for later life parents or starting line over for some empty nest parents). Arming their own families and throne little in post-secondary education.Doing this period the young adult moves out of their parents home and begin to start their own home. Leaving the parental home to evidence ones own residence, establishing financial indep endence, completing school, moving into full-time employment, getting married, and becoming a parent are considered key markers of adulthood (Booth, Grouter, and Shannon, 1999). Occupational (Week 4 and 5) During this stage young adults move into adult roles and responsibilities and may learn a trade, work, and/or pursue higher education.They identify career goals and prepare to arrive at them. Spiritual Intellectual In this stage of life adults fully understand abstract concepts and are aware of consequences and personal limitations. Often times they sterilize their autonomy and build and test their decision making skills. Often they develop new skills, hobbies, and adult interests. Emotional Doing this stage of life children become adults, they move into adult relationships with their parents. They begin to see their friends as a less important and begin to think for themselves.They are more empathetic and have greater intimacy skills. Carry some feelings of invincibility. Estab lish neting self emblem and begin to feel self-worth. Overall Reflection Middle adulthood is a complex time period that requires a multidimensional outlook to understand all of the processes and changes that are taking place. The many changes during middle adulthood include physical, cognitive and social differences. During middle adulthood biological and physical changes become apparent.During this time optic perception, hearing and the reproductive system decline. Adults who have neer worn glasses or contact lenses may start needing visual correction. During this time adults may also need more light to see than their younger friends. However, the actual time when one is considered an adult varies from theorists to theorists and can background anywhere from 18 to 25 years of age (Frederick &038 Belittle, 2010). There are also cognitive changes during middle adulthood. There is a mixed pattern of positive and negative changes in cognitive abilities.Processing speed starts to de crease during this time period however crystallized thought does not decline until senior age Working memory begins to decline however semantic memory continues to increase as we learning throughout our one-time(a) years. Theorists such as Chase, Erikson, Valiant, Elevations, Jung, Gould, and soon have all described stages or phases in life- task change (Frederick &038 Belittle, 2010). Theorist have shown that all adults seem to go through the same stages of changes in middle adulthood (Frederick &038 Belittle, 2010). Professionals. 3rd deed. ). Upper Saddle River, NJPearson Education, Inc. Physical Often times the person become less active and the health begin declining. Sometimes at this age you will get under ones skin older people that are very active and in better shape than some of the younger adults. Social/Cultural The person has friends that hey spend most of their time with and are very comfortable with the person that they are. Environmental Often times at this age you will find older parents living at home with their students or either in a personal care home.Occupational (Week 4 and 5) Doing this stage in life the person has either retired from the career or Job. Sometimes you will find older adults retired but working part time to remain active in not settle with the end of life. Spiritual Most older adults often face many losses as they age, so doing the life sentence they often turn to religion and to spirituality as ways to Andre their losses. A lot of older adults can often quote spirituals from the bible. Intellectual Doing this stage the mind gets weaker. They become unable to react apace, or solve puzzles quickly than they could when they were younger.They dont think less, Just become slower Emotional Sometimes in this age the older adult is faced with depression since they often have faced many losses be that from children, spouses, and/or friends. Overall Reflection Erikson felt that much of life is preparing for the middle adulthoo d stage and the last stage is recovering from it. Perhaps that s because as older adults we can often look back on our lives with happiness and are content, feeling fulfilled with a deep sense that life has meaning and weve made a contribution to life, a feeling Erikson calls integrity.Our strength comes from a science that the world is very large and we now have a marooned concern for the whole of life, accepting death as the completion of life. agedness starts during the middle adult stage then it will continue to combine until the person reaches the end. As aging progress, the body also progress, we slowly die as our neurons in the brain die, and our skins sag. Aging is inevitable it happens to everybody, we suggest that we should be happy up to the last day we live and not live in the stage of Erikson, which is the despair.Maintaining good health becomes more challenging with age, as the immune system becomes progressively less effective And as the cardiovascular, respirator y, and organ systems function less adequately (Frederick &038 Belittle, 2010). On the other hand, some adults may reach this stage and despair at their experiences and perceived failures. They may fear death as they struggle to find a purpose to their lives, wondering Was the trip out worth it? Alternatively, they may feel they have all the answers (not unlike dismissal back to adolescence) and end with a strong dogmatism that only their view has been correct.

Organisational Behaviour Assignment

Performance look into extend &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212- Cho Cho Phyu Company Limited Group 2 We bear out cite that on that point under anatomical structure be a transmute land site, when the mess argon dissatisfied with the current status or current status. Kurt. W. Lewin transmute mint be happened when the peck in the governing atomic takings 18 open-minded and volition to kind. U Aye Kyaw(MHR) Ack directledgements We would standardised to express our sincere ac make loveledgements to e real in entirely those who deplete helped us in preparation for this project.Initi bothy, we would especi every(prenominal)y compar equal to(p) to express my gratitude to our t sever solelyyers- TakeruOhe, PhosyChanhming, and Yasushi Ishida who give the education of COBLAS Myanmar (Consulting Based On Learning Asean Small and Medium Enterprises). We ar greatly in debt of gratitude to all of our Myanmar t individu allyers for their encouragement, unflagging patronage off and valuable guidance passim our project. We ar very(prenominal) often convictions grateful to Daw Phyu Phyu Seinn, Managing Director of Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd (SPIKE mien Collection) who allows us to do the research in her troupe and gives us valuable datas, information and help which is very important for our project.Further to a greater extent(prenominal), our special give give thanks be due to the employees in Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd, for their contribution and help in our sort suffice. Last, we would analogous to offer my thanks to the authors and publishers mentioned in the references for using their materials in preparing this project. Many thanks to everybody who gave us help and victuals throughout our project. Executive Summary state ar talking rough the powerful word called kind, which is very popular in the merciful society started from the non more than the prehistorical three decades.And y es, this lead be happened continuously at every fourth dimension and in every situation. This is excessively happened in our discourse channel environs. Many literatures translate that the environment that the pipelinees operate is rapidly and massively ever-ever-changing. So, here atomic bod 18 only two questions for all the businesses. Those questions atomic number 18 kill? or be killed? . For the business to be prospered in the foreseeable succeeding(a), it has to be killed the transplant before it is too late. So, the businesses must collapse aligned its internal array with the demand of outer repositions.In this project, we focus on the aspect of Starting up the merciful Resource Department and introducing to the highest degree Customer-led Culture at the bon ton called SPIKE hammer Collection, which is a lucky fashion provoker in Myanmar. ORGANIZATION PROFILE Cho Cho Phyu Company is started with a humble re doctor trader business building in 1992, in the trine bully City of Myanmar, Mandalay. And then, the business moves to Yangon in 2006 and formed as a toffee-nosed limited company. Also in 2006, Cho Cho Phyu company launched a fashion gull called SPIKE, which offers woman clothing to both business and consumer markets.Now, SPIKE is very popular daub for its local localize markets of both Upper cut down and dismount Middle classes who live in suburb aras. Now Cho Cho Phyu hasTwoShow Rooms, in some downtown argonas and TwoGarment Factories, which be operating very come up. Business pollard CUSTOMER SEGMENTS 1 Upper Lower Classes Lower Middle Classes tax PROPOSITION 2 beef up is a fashion brand which is surface established and has a bully quality and reasonable price to its tar devil market. the design is the primary(prenominal) proposition for it, which is roughlyly emphasise on the encourage and confidence for its tar sterilizes. CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP 4Personal Assistant, Email, Phone, Letters DISTRIBUTIO N CHANNELS 3 Indirect Channel Direct Channel Consignment KEY RESOURCES 6 Reasonable Market Experience KEY ACTIVITIES 7 Cutting, Making , Packaging, marketing and Distribution PARTNERS 8 COST STRUCTURE 9 Social / environmental Costs Financial Risk jacket crown Investment REVENUE STREAMS 5 Business community Well established Brand Seven uniformness Textile Co. ,Ltd Long Foung Laung Yee grip aims to commence small revenues from a bigger number of customer designed items. This represents a valuable addition to Spike elan Collection. SWOT compend Strengths Customer loyalty / relationships drudgery quality blue production efficiency Skillful employees S W O T Weaknesses abject benevolent Resource Management omit of Plan leadiness of clear mission, vision & adenine determinations Opportunities changing customers necessitate Technological advance Get offer from ASEAN free trade path trend permutes of different ages Threats ever-changing the taste and preferences of the cu stomers. the direct investment of the hostile companies. Main Issues As Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd is just transforming from Sole stackr business structure to Limited Liability Company (LLC), on that point argon umpteen problems associated with courtly or traditional steering style.Many theorists speculate that about of the business owners ar still demorali delineateing lost in this lurch period, as they do reflect and remember their aside behaviors, which atomic number 18 very well applicable for them in the past. In this firm, employee argon dissatisfied with their business sector as they do not nark the benefits and privileges that tail assembly get easily in the external market or in other companies. The Bureaucratic decision-making and less(prenominal)(prenominal) deputation as well as lead the all t antiquated make-up to feel stifle and less important. Moreover, no Human Resource Department leads to become unstructured and irregular procedure in deal ing with employee aspects.As a consequence, at that place argon numerous unmatched art responsibilities and position. Employees do not grapple what argon their re mothers? and what argon strictly forbidden/. Initial Stage (prelude) We met with the Managing Director of Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd and discussed about the matters that are currently arising within the Company. after(prenominal) discussing about the matters, we do an agreement with MD of Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd and we sent TOR (Term of Reference) Letter to make the agreement. later due consideration of all aspects, our group started to work the following activities. Investigation methodsResearch Design Exploratory After getting the permission from companys board of director, we started to discuss what factors of Cho Cho Phyu Co. ,Ltd supply to employee pleasure. Because of time and budget constraints, we were unable to conduct focus groups or in depth interviews. By doing interview, we developed the research design. Descriptive To gain a better un derstanding of the problem, and to clarify the research questions, we conducted secondary research to discover what experts suppose aboutemployee salary scales. This research allowed us to gain a solid taking into custody of the business.We clearly describe about the mathematical operation of our research and data address through clear clarification in our Employee Job Satisfaction distinguish. Force Field abbreviation For every flip-flop apportionment, the nigh alert thing to consider is that whether this reposition is exigencyed or not. To sleep with the solution, we do investigations by using interviewing, questionnaire and s rumpning the environment. After being investigated the entire environment, we back end suggest that the Cho Cho Phyu is bringed to ring the Human Resource Department. As the temperament of system comprises with benevolent beings, at that place can be complexity of kind-hearted emotions and psychological implications. wad always feel threaten because of reposition. So in this situation, in that respect is no doubt that this leave alone be happened too. Then when we look at Lewis Force Field, at that place are two forces the positive forces for dislodge and obstacles of flip-flop. on that point will be kind of the positive forces are greater than obstacles. control Forces * Demographic adjustments In previous days, there are few places for all customers to buy products or whatever they want. After 1998, the demographic mixtures incur and customers at present perk up habits to buy things at retail stores. Now, customers are very choosy, go they get under ones skin a up proficient to sue and do itledgeable.Moreover, every customer thinks they are paramount for every businesses. * Various Stakeh archaicers Interests Stakeholders are those who are interested in the business activities and can be affected by the business operations. thither is declined in brasss profi t train at those days. worthless customer instruction skills and overlooking the customers call for and expectations do the Cho Cho Phyu bad image. For Cho Cho Phyu, employees are the best valuable as compensates which cannot be copied or imitate. Also, there is a noticeable relationship between the Employee Job Satisfaction and Customer cheer. * Political reposition oversAfter changing government and political policies in 1989, the economic condition of Myanmar is gradually increasing. Changing from socialist economy to market economy gave the Myanmar economy to become more developments and beneficial returns. In 2015, there will be an AFTA (ASEAN Free cunning Agreement) issues. So, some(prenominal) a(prenominal) SMEs and astronomical scale businesses are starting to prepare for the spiritual do chief(prenominal) able upcoming changes. * Competitors Reactions In Myanmar, there are same businesses exchangeable SPIKE Fashion Collection. The main rivalries for the SPI KE are D2, ,who are sharply aiming to satisfy the customer collectments. * Economic IssuesIn Myanmar economy, there are too numerous uncertainties for every businesses. Also the implication of globalization of markets, ecesis must see to break the limited mind pitch of national markets to compete on a worldwide basis (Ghoshal and Butler, 1992). Res discipline Forces * Habits For every complexities, everybody rely on habits or programmed responses. community are difficult to change if they are naturally habited. * Security take hoi polloi at the high level can resist if the change is threatening to their feeling of safety. For staffs, there can be a smell of insecurity of being the reputation of grow change due to the precaution of un fuckn. Group Inertia counterbalance if individual want to change, there can be resistances, which are constraint to the group norms. In Cho Cho Phyu Company Limited, there are some a(prenominal) resistances comprehend habits of the sho p floor workers, the current perceived acculturation of the worker, the status quo of the workers, and uncertainty of the desire situation. So, we do some assumptions that as this is a culturaland discussion section change, the incremental change could be more grab forCho Cho Phyu Company in this development handle. RESTRAINING FORCES (Obstacles for Change) Present State or craved State DRIVING FORCES Positive Forces for Change) Lewins Force Field Analysis Excerpt from www. change centering-coach. com Impact Area Analysis Impact area synopsis representation analyzing the area which will have seismic disturbances because of the nature of effect of change. So, weanalyzed the alone constitution and after the investigation, this change is generally depended on the substantial organization but the Top fudgement has already been committed to set up the HR surgical incision. Then, the advert area was now clarified, our main aim is to change the perceived shade of the Midd le and First Floor level of the organization. The infallible BehavioursThe deald behavior for this change are as followed The customers in Myanmar are now very educated, knowledgeable and very complaining. Not only about customer, too the competitive reactions are so intense. So, for retail chain want SHMT Home Mart, the required behavior will be as followed * tilt and structured Organization * Well and systematic HR Department, HR Policies, Practices and Procedures * slumpful(prenominal) design of job * Better place to work. Prudence that We All pack to Aware * This process is a Change process. * Examine whether it take to do or not. * We must have Management it well, until it reaches the tight-laced end. This is not an ex antiophthalmic factorle, this a Journey. * Many throng give Bloods and Lives during the Change Process. * Resentments or conflicts can occur during the totally phase. * We cannot do it lightly, and when we dealt with it there is no turn back * on th at point is a Time Constraint. Role of Change Sponsor or Leader In this change process, Ms. Phyu Phyu Seinn, MD, is the attracter, an inspirational draw. out front she communicates about the sunrise(prenominal) Culture, firstly, she must build the level of trust, which Stephen. P. Robbins authority that there are dimensions of integrity, competence, consistence, loyalty and openness.As she is a leader, she must do the to asperse the possible employees resistance. The main task for the leader are as followed * recognise his employees. * endure his customers * Think about the desired results * Empower large number * induce a WinWin situation In this situation, Phyu Phyu Seinn acted as a Transformational Leader, that is, Leaders who inspire followers to transcend their own self-interests for the close of the organization by clarifying consumption and task requirements. , Leaders who are withal capable of having a profound and extraordinary effect on their follower. Stephe n P. Robbins.For Mr. Chan, changing the nature of Customer unimportant Culture to Customer-centric Culture. Transforming the old believes to natural opposite one. On the other hand, Phyu Phyu Seinn also acted as a Sponsor who provides resources, authority, or reinforcement neededto accomplish change and has the authority to qualify pay back systems or otheraspects of organisational last. Role of Change Agent Change Agent means that Persons who act as catalysts & assume the office for managing changeRobbins et al 1994 Qualities of the Change Agent * Flexibility * Objectivity * consignment Leadership and inspiration of others * Ability to handle uncertainty * Organizational sensation * Sense of Humor Here are tasks for the Change Agent, which was identified by for SHMT Home Mart culture change process. The tasks of the change agent are to get the commitment to the change from the impact groups, to set up and uphold the change network, to disseminate the information about c hange, to help and support the groups in implementing change processes, to make troth and educate others to participate in the change, to varan the all change process. The First Stage . We prepared an Employee Profile contour line to know the length of operates, knowledge, qualifications, and summary of the current position. The total manpower number is 46 in Head Quarter. We do the entire total men to fill up the employee profile to know the record of the employees. 2. Analyzed the occurrence aspects of the job by using interviewing methods. 3. displace out the job satisfaction questionnaires to know the satisfaction rate of employee. 4. Redraft and rethink the old bloated and ineffective organisational chart to chequer that charitable resources are fit with the right job. . displace out the in the raw job description HR omnibus situation to set up the right(a) HR Department. * Posted in Institutes and in some Universities. * Advertised through internet * Linked wi th Employment place * Posted in internal Notice Board 6. Started to with Billion Forces Co. , Ltd to realize the HRIS software. The Second Stage 1. Draft and prepared Job Descriptions and Person Specifications to know the item of their tasks, duties and responsibilities. 2. Set HR Policies in line with Organization outline and Philosophy 3.Prepared HR gos in consonance with HR policy and procedures to have a proper and systematic HR system. 4. Completed an Employee Handbook, both in English and Myanmar, which constitutes all the aspects of HR policies, Attendance and leaves, and some procedures. 5. Interviewed to all the applicants, to get the right person at the right job in the right place. 6. Redrew a New Organization Chart, which is more effective, and lean structure than ever. the tierce Stage 1. Implement the revolutionary organisational structure andHR procedures and rules, and transferred all the inevitable HR forms. 2.Set wise salary scale level in conformance wi th secondary research data published by MRS (Myanmar Research Survey), 2011. 3. Held Human Resource Management Training to all the managerial and supervisor level, to know the importance of the Human Resource Management in the business organization. 4. predate the newly figure print system to know the attendance of each and every employee. 5. maintain the Employee Cards to record and improve the customer service of process and know the attendance of each and every employee. MD HR tutor Sr. Operation Manager Finance Manager deal & Marketing ExecutiveAdministrative Manager Sr. originator HR policeman As. deed Manager As. Logistic Manager As. Procurement Manager Chief control control-1 Accountant-2 Stock Controller Cashier (Shop 1) Cashier (Shop 2) SCM Administrative officeholder barter Manager Mobile Team Leader change Staff (Shop-2) deal Staff (Shop-1) Mobile Team member IMC Officer Jr. former Inbound L. Officer Production Supervisors Production Leaders SCM Outbound L . Officer Managing the People issues Human Resource Management system As organizationis comprising with people, there is more or less human resource factors for us to consider.Torrington and residence hall (2008) defined Human Resource Strategy as a primaeval philosophy that people in the organization are managed and passing of this into HR policies and practices, to become effective, policies and procedures need to be integrated with business or organizational scheme. In here, we are needed to be considered is that the HR strategy must Fit with business strategy which means employees are seen as key in the implementation of the declared organizational strategy and human resource strategy is designed to fit with it. Torrington and entrance hall (2008)The main aims of adjust the HRM with organizational strategy are to master the best utilization of Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd employees to generate the organization performance and to reduce the level of risk by placement and or ganizing the right people, in the right place, to the right job and in the right time. For human resource issues, we drew a plan, which is to cover well-nigh presumable cases of Cho Cho Phyu Company people issues. Topics covered for Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd are as followed Motivating, Training and development, reinforcer System, managing mental issues and Appraisal systems. Motivating or Committing others to Change For every successful change solicitude process, the motivation of the followers is one of the factors to consider. For most changes, peoples past experience of change can affect the level of commitment and involuntaryness to support further change John Hayes (2002). So, as this is the first time for Cho Cho Phyu, we have a state to win this change. To trigger the men, we set, firstly, a proper intent and linked with the non-financial pay back system of Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd.We also set MD and Human Resource Manager as a aim lesson for this change by visiting s tores for every weeks, dealing with customers and swelled speeches to employees about the importance customers. * Training Program some other issue during the subdivision start-up time, we need to think about the planning program. This is a new culture, people will not be familiar with it. For the first step, they have to understand what the new culture means for them. As this is the new culture, most of the sale staffs and supervisors would require a certain specific develop for their job purposes.Each and every individual employees will be tested to ensure that they do have qualifications, skills and experiences to work with the new culture. We empowered change agents (managers) to persuade the workforce to attend and commit to the new culture. * give back and appraisal system some other aspect is the reward and appraisal system. Organizational rewards are powerful incentives for amend employee and work group performance. Based on carrot and stick metaphor, we set both tan gible and intangible rewards for workforce. We make variety of reward, which is linked, with the culture of the organization.Reward oftentimes(prenominal) as recognition, contests, games, financial rewards, incentives, employee of the month or year awards which are generally to show the appreciation for employee effort. We also make the reward systems link to the of necessity and wants of the individual employees. We used Houses Path-goal theory to remind the workforce. * Managing mental Issues As people are human beings, there was many resistances to the new culture. Many people feel they were defeated, threatened, coercive by the new culture. around people feel demoralized, stressful and frustrated for the change.So, from human resource management view point, we have a responsibility to take care and manage the psychological issues of the affected employees. That is why, we have make an agreement with HR department to make employee assistance program (EAP), stress management program and work-life-balance program. During the culture changing process, there can be some degree of redundancy. So, for survivors from the cuts, there can be shock, bitterness, anger and also peer and group pressures. Survivors need information about why action had to be taken and what the future holds for them personally. Compensation and Ethical Considerations During the change process, there can many be issues like layoffs and compensations for those who resist change. So, we made some financial and non-financial transit locations. we arranged transition stay bonus and outplacement programs for all the layoffs employees. As most of employees at Cho Cho Phyu are between twenty and twenty-eight, there are much potential for their tout ensemble life long. So, Ms. Aung arranged personal career counseling, start preparation and typing services, interviewing workshops and referral assistance in the outplacement programs.Initiating and implementing the new Customer-centric Cult ure The change process goes through a series of stages that, in total, usually require a considerable length of time. Skipping stages creates only the illusion of speed and neer produces a satisfying result. John Kotter, Leading Change To implement the new organizational culture, we were followed the case described by Kurt Lewis (1951). This is one of the best change model that is combining the theories of sociology and psychology, developed a three stage model for large-scale system change. Unfreezing phase This is the establishing stage for Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd, which is forced by the environment to implement the customer-centric culture as their competitors, or back off from this pugnacious market. Unfreezing phase is first step of the Lewins change transition stages, where people are taken from the situation of being unready to change to the firststep of being able and willing to change. Schein(1995) states that in order for change to occur, there must be a combination of b oth adding driving force and removing restraining forces.Creating a champion of crisis will bring the whole components in the company into one voice. As the main aim of this stage is to let go the old culture of the organization, we, firstly, searched the bad points of the current culture and linked it with the issues and problems currently faced by the SHMT Home Mart. This step is the most important fundamental step for this whole change, we created a crisis burning platform to reduce the level of trust on the currently using culture. According to many researchers, most of the change processes are failed because of the un good vision and strategy.So, for second, we created a persuasive vision what we want to be? , then communicate it to the whole organization, to overcome the current crisis situation of the Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd. By drawing a clear vision and strategy in how to arrive at that vision, the employees will understand how the new system will benefit them and they w ill progressively change their effort to support the implementation of the new culture. We made change agentsto set clear vision of customer-centricculture in implementation process of Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd.According to Lewin, this is a phase, which melt down the old beliefs, assumptions, and paradigm of organization. * Transition bod this is a changing phase form the old undesired situation to the new desire situation. This is the hardest part for every individual to start. So, Ms. Aung, also made a pioneer team to facilitate the change situation. In this phase, the leader has to act like a king or role model. We made some form of coaching, counseling, reward, appraisal system, motivation and other psychological support for this phase.This phase get rid of anything which may vulnerablethe implementation plan of change process, including any unsuitable ideas, company structures, activities as well as real beliefs which may potentially undermining or threatening the new culture implementation. Linking the reward and performance is very important for all change management process, and also with punitive actions. A virtuoso of motivation is now needed for all employees to go to the goal of the organization. The project team also provided plenty of penalties of options for employee stake in this change process.Giving opportunities to have delegation and empowerment can get the commitment of the employees. By announcing the short-term success also made the whole organization to generate motivation. * Refreezing phase At the end of our journey, the final goal is to refreeze the situation. Making short-term wins made the whole change process to perform smoothly. As this new culture is very beneficial for both organization and staffs, each and every employees are very enthusiastic with the change. But in every change, there can be a Marathon exploit that is some people reached the aim while other people are still flowning from the start.Visionary and icon l eadership supports, proper reward systems, and original feedback systems made the change process to get success. we also made the training and development sessions for all the impacted employees to get the desired and required results from change management. For every change, there can be a fall back to the old undesired stage. That is why we made burning bridges to ensure that there is no way to go back by establishing proper rules, regulations and policies and rewarding the successful employees whose behavior are aligned with the desired behavior. conference StrategyCommunicating about the change throughout the whole organization is also the main point for all change champion, change leader and change agents to consider. Varey also said that culture and intercourse cannot be separated. People may feel shock, and deny in the first place, if the communication strategy is not well. So, we found out that we have to arrange it in the right time during the transition process. We als o used both testicle and in perfunctory communication structure. In this strategy, we made people more rely on the formal communication system (that is meetings, speeches, briefing, discussion, memo, notice etc. rather than informal (that is rumors, gossips, conjectures and opinions). We aforethought(ip) the communication more focus on what, when, who and how, but there is no formula about the communication that can apply in all situation. In some circumstances, change agents may advocate a deal openness of about all the issues to the impact groups. Conclusion This change management is concerned not only for the employee job satisfactions and delights but also for the business organizations to get competitive advantage.In this changing environment, the environment that the businesses operate is rapidly and massively changing. Notable experience is that, in Myanmar, the demographic changes have hugely impact on the Myanmar Businesses. As it is a culture change for Cho Cho Phyu C o. , Ltd, we faced with many problems and it may take more than 1 year for the whole organization to accept and exercise the new culture. Although it is a new culture for the whole organization, it is very beneficial for both employees and employer. Because of that point, we can implement the whole change management in successful behavior.Organisational Behaviour AssignmentPerformance check over Report &8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212&8212- Cho Cho Phyu Company Limited Group 2 We can formulate that there can be a change situation, when the people are dissatisfied with the current status or current situation. Kurt. W. Lewin Change can be happened when the people in the organization are open-minded and willing to change. U Aye Kyaw(MHR) Acknowledgements We would like to express our sincere acknowledgements to all those who have helped us in preparation for this project.Initially, we would especially like to express my gratitude to our te achers- TakeruOhe, PhosyChanhming, and Yasushi Ishida who give the training of COBLAS Myanmar (Consulting Based On Learning Asean Small and Medium Enterprises). We are greatly in debt of gratitude to all of our Myanmar teachers for their encouragement, unflagging support and invaluable guidance throughout our project. We are very much grateful to Daw Phyu Phyu Seinn, Managing Director of Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd (SPIKE Fashion Collection) who allows us to do the research in her company and gives us invaluable datas, information and help which is very important for our project.Furthermore, our special thanks are due to the employees in Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd, for their contribution and help in our change process. Last, we would like to offer my thanks to the authors and publishers mentioned in the references for using their materials in preparing this project. Many thanks to everybody who gave us help and support throughout our project. Executive Summary People are talking about the po werful word called Change, which is real popular in the human society started from the not more than the past three decades.And yes, this will be happened continuously at every time and in every situation. This is also happened in our business environment. Many literatures asseverate that the environment that the businesses operate is rapidly and massively changing. So, here are only two questions for all the businesses. Those questions are kill? or be killed? . For the business to be successful in the foreseeable future, it has to be killed the change before it is too late. So, the businesses must have aligned its internal arrangement with the demand of external changes.In this project, we focus on the aspect of Starting up the Human Resource Department and introducing about Customer-led Culture at the company called SPIKE Fashion Collection, which is a successful fashion brand in Myanmar. ORGANIZATION PROFILE Cho Cho Phyu Company is started with a humble sole trader business st ructure in 1992, in the Third Capital City of Myanmar, Mandalay. And then, the business moves to Yangon in 2006 and formed as a cloak-and-dagger limited company. Also in 2006, Cho Cho Phyu company launched a fashion brand called SPIKE, which offers woman clothing to both business and consumer markets.Now, SPIKE is very popular brand for its local conduct markets of both Upper Lower and Lower Middle classes who live in suburb areas. Now Cho Cho Phyu hasTwoShow Rooms, in some downtown areas and TwoGarment Factories, which are operating very well. Business prove CUSTOMER SEGMENTS 1 Upper Lower Classes Lower Middle Classes foster PROPOSITION 2 Spike is a fashion brand which is well established and has a good quality and reasonable price to its target market. the design is the main proposition for it, which is mostly emphasise on the easiness and confidence for its targets. CUSTOMER RELATIONSHIP 4Personal Assistant, Email, Phone, Letters DISTRIBUTION CHANNELS 3 Indirect Channel Dire ct Channel Consignment KEY RESOURCES 6 Reasonable Market Experience KEY ACTIVITIES 7 Cutting, Making , Packaging, merchandising and Distribution PARTNERS 8 COST STRUCTURE 9 Social / environmental Costs Financial Risk Capital Investment REVENUE STREAMS 5 Business community Well established Brand Seven annotate Textile Co. ,Ltd Long Foung Laung Yee Spike aims to generate small revenues from a large number of customer designed items. This represents a valuable addition to Spike Fashion Collection. SWOT Analysis Strengths Customer loyalty / relationshipsProduction quality luxuriously production efficiency Skillful employees S W O T Weaknesses Poor Human Resource Management Lack of Plan Lack of clear mission, vision & goals Opportunities Changing customers needs Technological advance Get offer from ASEAN free trade Fashion trend changes of different ages Threats Changing the taste and preferences of the customers. the direct investment of the remote companies. Main Issues As Cho Ch o Phyu Co. , Ltd is just transforming from Sole Trader business structure to Limited Liability Company (LLC), there are many problems associated with accomplished or traditional management style.Many theorists say that most of the business owners are still getting lost in this change period, as they do reflect and remember their past behaviors, which are very well pertinent for them in the past. In this firm, employee are dissatisfied with their job as they do not get the benefits and privileges that can get easily in the external market or in other companies. The Bureaucratic decision-making and less relegation also lead the whole organization to feel stifle and less important. Moreover, no Human Resource Department leads to become unstructured and disorganised procedure in dealing with employee aspects.As a consequence, there are many unmatched job responsibilities and position. Employees do not know what are their rights? and what are strictly forbidden/. Initial Stage (prel ude) We met with the Managing Director of Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd and discussed about the matters that are currently arising within the Company. After discussing about the matters, we made an agreement with MD of Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd and we sent TOR (Term of Reference) Letter to make the agreement. After due consideration of all aspects, our group started to work the following activities. Investigation methodsResearch Design Exploratory After getting the permission from companys board of director, we started to discuss what factors of Cho Cho Phyu Co. ,Ltd bestow to employee satisfaction. Because of time and budget constraints, we were unable to conduct focus groups or in depth interviews. By doing interview, we developed the research design. Descriptive To gain a better un derstanding of the problem, and to clarify the research questions, we conducted secondary research to discover what experts say aboutemployee salary scales. This research allowed us to gain a solid instinct of the business.We clearly describe about the process of our research and data process through clear clarification in our Employee Job Satisfaction Report. Force Field Analysis For every change management, the most rattling thing to consider is that whether this change is needed or not. To know the solution, we made investigations by using interviewing, questionnaire and scanning the environment. After being investigated the whole environment, we can suggest that the Cho Cho Phyu is needed to set the Human Resource Department. As the nature of organization comprises with human beings, there can be complexity of human emotions and psychological implications.People always feel threaten because of change. So in this situation, there is no doubt that this will be happened too. Then when we look at Lewis Force Field, there are two forces the positive forces for change and obstacles of change. there will be change of the positive forces are greater than obstacles. drive Forces * Demograp hic Changes In previous days, there are few places for all customers to buy products or whatever they want. After 1998, the demographic changes incur and customers now have habits to buy things at retail stores. Now, customers are very choosy, know they have a right to sue and knowledgeable.Moreover, every customer thinks they are paramount for every businesses. * Various Stakeholders Interests Stakeholders are those who are interested in the business activities and can be affected by the business operations. There is declined in organizations profit level at those days. Poor customer management skills and overlooking the customers needs and expectations made the Cho Cho Phyu bad image. For Cho Cho Phyu, employees are the best valuable assets which cannot be copied or imitate. Also, there is a solid relationship between the Employee Job Satisfaction and Customer satisfaction. * Political ChangesAfter changing government and political policies in 1989, the economic condition of Myan mar is gradually increasing. Changing from socialist economy to market economy gave the Myanmar economy to become more developments and beneficial returns. In 2015, there will be an AFTA (ASEAN Free Trade Agreement) issues. So, many SMEs and large scale businesses are starting to prepare for the unseen able future changes. * Competitors Reactions In Myanmar, there are same businesses like SPIKE Fashion Collection. The main rivalries for the SPIKE are D2, ,who are precipitously aiming to satisfy the customer requirements. * Economic IssuesIn Myanmar economy, there are too many uncertainties for every businesses. Also the implication of globalization of markets, organization must distinguish to break the limited mindset of national markets to compete on a worldwide basis (Ghoshal and Butler, 1992). Restraining Forces * Habits For every complexities, everybody rely on habits or programmed responses. People are difficult to change if they are naturally habited. * Security Even people at the high level can resist if the change is threatening to their feeling of safety. For staffs, there can be a sense of insecurity of being the nature of culture change due to the business of unknown. Group Inertia Even if individual want to change, there can be resistances, which are constraint to the group norms. In Cho Cho Phyu Company Limited, there are many resistances perceived habits of the shop floor workers, the current perceived culture of the worker, the status quo of the workers, and uncertainty of the desire situation. So, we made some assumptions that as this is a culturaland department change, the incremental change could be more provide forCho Cho Phyu Company in this development process. RESTRAINING FORCES (Obstacles for Change) Present State or desire State DRIVING FORCES Positive Forces for Change) Lewins Force Field Analysis Excerpt from www. changemanagement-coach. com Impact Area Analysis Impact area epitome means analyzing the area which will have impac ts because of the nature of effect of change. So, weanalyzed the whole organization and after the investigation, this change is mainly depended on the whole organization but the Top management has already been committed to set up the HR department. Then, the impact area was now clarified, our main aim is to change the perceived culture of the Middle and First Floor level of the organization. The required BehavioursThe required behavior for this change are as followed The customers in Myanmar are now very educated, knowledgeable and very complaining. Not only about customer, also the competitive reactions are so intense. So, for retail chain like SHMT Home Mart, the required behavior will be as followed * feed and structured Organization * Well and systematic HR Department, HR Policies, Practices and Procedures * rightful(prenominal) design of job * Better place to work. Prudence that We All need to Aware * This process is a Change process. * Examine whether it needs to do or not. * We must have Management it well, until it reaches the proper end. This is not an resolution, this a Journey. * Many people give Bloods and Lives during the Change Process. * Resentments or conflicts can occur during the whole phase. * We cannot do it lightly, and when we dealt with it there is no number back * There is a Time Constraint. Role of Change Sponsor or Leader In this change process, Ms. Phyu Phyu Seinn, MD, is the leader, an inspirational leader. forwards she communicates about the new Culture, firstly, she must build the level of trust, which Stephen. P. Robbins means that there are dimensions of integrity, competence, consistence, loyalty and openness.As she is a leader, she must do the to derogate the possible employees resistance. The main task for the leader are as followed * Know his employees. * Know his customers * Think about the desired results * Empower People * reach a WinWin situation In this situation, Phyu Phyu Seinn acted as a Transformational Leade r, that is, Leaders who inspire followers to transcend their own self-interests for the good of the organization by clarifying role and task requirements. , Leaders who are also capable of having a profound and extraordinary effect on their follower. Stephen P. Robbins.For Mr. Chan, changing the nature of Customer unimportant Culture to Customer-centric Culture. Transforming the old believes to new opposite one. On the other hand, Phyu Phyu Seinn also acted as a Sponsor who provides resources, authority, or reinforcement neededto accomplish change and has the authority to metamorphose reward systems or otheraspects of organizational culture. Role of Change Agent Change Agent means that Persons who act as catalysts & assume the responsibility for managing changeRobbins et al 1994 Qualities of the Change Agent * Flexibility * Objectivity * load Leadership and inspiration of others * Ability to handle uncertainty * Organizational sentience * Sense of Humor Here are tasks for the Change Agent, which was identified by for SHMT Home Mart culture change process. The tasks of the change agent are to get the commitment to the change from the impact groups, to set up and intone the change network, to disseminate the information about change, to help and support the groups in implementing change processes, to make involvement and educate others to participate in the change, to monitor the whole change process. The First Stage . We prepared an Employee Profile Form to know the length of services, knowledge, qualifications, and summary of the current position. The total workforce number is 46 in Head Quarter. We made the entire total workforce to fill up the employee profile to know the record of the employees. 2. Analyzed the detail aspects of the job by using interviewing methods. 3. Sent out the job satisfaction questionnaires to know the satisfaction rate of employee. 4. Redraft and rethink the old bloated and ineffective organizational chart to ensure that hum an resources are fit with the right job. . Sent out the new job description HR Manager charge to set up the proper HR Department. * Posted in Institutes and in some Universities. * Advertised through internet * Linked with Employment potency * Posted in internal Notice Board 6. Started to with Billion Forces Co. , Ltd to introduce the HRIS software. The Second Stage 1. Draft and prepared Job Descriptions and Person Specifications to know the detail of their tasks, duties and responsibilities. 2. Set HR Policies in line with Organization Strategy and Philosophy 3.Prepared HR Forms in accordance with HR policy and procedures to have a proper and systematic HR system. 4. Completed an Employee Handbook, both in English and Myanmar, which constitutes all the aspects of HR policies, Attendance and leaves, and some procedures. 5. Interviewed to all the applicants, to get the right person at the right job in the right place. 6. Redrew a New Organization Chart, which is more effective, an d lean structure than ever. the Third Stage 1. Implement the new organizational structure andHR procedures and rules, and transferred all the inevitable HR forms. 2.Set new salary scale level in accordance with secondary research data published by MRS (Myanmar Research Survey), 2011. 3. Held Human Resource Management Training to all the managerial and supervisor level, to know the importance of the Human Resource Management in the business organization. 4. Introduce the new figure print system to know the attendance of each and every employee. 5. Introduce the Employee Cards to record and improve the customer service and know the attendance of each and every employee. MD HR Manager Sr. Operation Manager Finance Manager Sale & Marketing ExecutiveAdministrative Manager Sr. Designer HR Officer As. Production Manager As. Logistic Manager As. Procurement Manager Chief Accountant Accountant-1 Accountant-2 Stock Controller Cashier (Shop 1) Cashier (Shop 2) SCM Administrative Officer Sa le Manager Mobile Team Leader Sale Staff (Shop-2) Sale Staff (Shop-1) Mobile Team member IMC Officer Jr. Designer Inbound L. Officer Production Supervisors Production Leaders SCM Outbound L. Officer Managing the People issues Human Resource Management Strategy As organizationis comprising with people, there is more or less human resource factors for us to consider.Torrington and Hall (2008) defined Human Resource Strategy as a important philosophy that people in the organization are managed and transition of this into HR policies and practices, to become effective, policies and procedures need to be integrated with business or organizational strategy. In here, we are needed to be considered is that the HR strategy must Fit with business strategy which means employees are seen as key in the implementation of the declared organizational strategy and human resource strategy is designed to fit with it. Torrington and Hall (2008)The main aims of aligning the HRM with organizational st rategy are to ensure the best utilization of Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd employees to generate the organization performance and to reduce the level of risk by position and organizing the right people, in the right place, to the right job and in the right time. For human resource issues, we drew a plan, which is to cover most in all likelihood cases of Cho Cho Phyu Company people issues. Topics covered for Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd are as followed Motivating, Training and development, Reward System, managing Psychological issues and Appraisal systems. Motivating or Committing others to Change For every successful change management process, the motivation of the followers is one of the factors to consider. For most changes, peoples past experience of change can affect the level of commitment and willingness to support further change John Hayes (2002). So, as this is the first time for Cho Cho Phyu, we have a responsibility to win this change. To motivate the workforce, we set, firstly, a pr oper goal and linked with the non-financialreward system of Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd.We also set MD and Human Resource Manager as a role model for this change by visiting stores for every weeks, dealing with customers and vainglorious speeches to employees about the importance customers. * Training Program Another issue during the department start-up time, we need to think about the training program. This is a new culture, people will not be familiar with it. For the first step, they have to understand what the new culture means for them. As this is the new culture, most of the sale staffs and supervisors would require a certain specific training for their job purposes.Each and every individual employees will be tested to ensure that they do have qualifications, skills and experiences to work with the new culture. We empowered change agents (managers) to persuade the workforce to attend and commit to the new culture. * Reward and appraisal system Another aspect is the reward and appr aisal system. Organizational rewards are powerful incentives for modify employee and work group performance. Based on carrot and stick metaphor, we set both tangible and intangible rewards for workforce. We made variety of reward, which is linked, with the culture of the organization.Reward such(prenominal) as recognition, contests, games, financial rewards, incentives, employee of the month or year awards which are mainly to show the appreciation for employee effort. We also made the reward systems link to the needs and wants of the individual employees. We used Houses Path-goal theory to motivate the workforce. * Managing Psychological Issues As people are human beings, there was many resistances to the new culture. Many people feel they were defeated, threatened, coercive by the new culture. several(prenominal) people feel demoralized, stressful and frustrated for the change.So, from human resource management view point, we have a responsibility to take care and manage the psyc hological issues of the affected employees. That is why, we have made an agreement with HR department to make employee assistance program (EAP), stress management program and work-life-balance program. During the culture changing process, there can be some degree of redundancy. So, for survivors from the cuts, there can be shock, bitterness, anger and also peer and group pressures. Survivors need information about why action had to be taken and what the future holds for them personally. Compensation and Ethical Considerations During the change process, there can many be issues like layoffs and compensations for those who resist change. So, we made some financial and non-financial transition arrangements. we arranged transition stay bonus and outplacement programs for all the layoffs employees. As most of employees at Cho Cho Phyu are between twenty and twenty-eight, there are much potential for their whole life long. So, Ms. Aung arranged personal career counseling, heal preparatio n and typing services, interviewing workshops and referral assistance in the outplacement programs.Initiating and implementing the new Customer-centric Culture The change process goes through a series of stages that, in total, usually require a considerable length of time. Skipping stages creates only the illusion of speed and never produces a satisfying result. John Kotter, Leading Change To implement the new organizational culture, we were followed the model described by Kurt Lewis (1951). This is one of the best change model that is combining the theories of sociology and psychology, developed a three stage model for large-scale system change. Unfreezing phase This is the establishing stage for Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd, which is forced by the environment to implement the customer-centric culture as their competitors, or back off from this militant market. Unfreezing phase is first step of the Lewins change transition stages, where people are taken from the situation of being unrea dy to change to the firststep of being able and willing to change. Schein(1995) states that in order for change to occur, there must be a combination of both adding driving force and removing restraining forces.Creating a sense of crisis will bring the whole components in the company into one voice. As the main aim of this stage is to let go the old culture of the organization, we, firstly, searched the bad points of the current culture and linked it with the issues and problems currently faced by the SHMT Home Mart. This step is the most important fundamental step for this whole change, we created a crisis burning platform to reduce the level of trust on the currently using culture. According to many researchers, most of the change processes are failed because of the unreliable vision and strategy.So, for second, we created a persuasive vision what we want to be? , then communicate it to the whole organization, to overcome the current crisis situation of the Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Lt d. By drawing a clear vision and strategy in how to fall upon that vision, the employees will understand how the new system will benefit them and they will progressively change their effort to support the implementation of the new culture. We made change agentsto set clear vision of customer-centricculture in implementation process of Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd.According to Lewin, this is a phase, which melt down the old beliefs, assumptions, and paradigm of organization. * Transition variety this is a changing phase form the old undesired situation to the new desire situation. This is the hardest part for every individual to start. So, Ms. Aung, also made a pioneer team to facilitate the change situation. In this phase, the leader has to act like a king or role model. We made some form of coaching, counseling, reward, appraisal system, motivation and other psychological support for this phase.This phase get rid of anything which may vulnerablethe implementation plan of change process , including any unsuitable ideas, company structures, activities as well as existing beliefs which may potentially undermining or threatening the new culture implementation. Linking the reward and performance is very important for all change management process, and also with punitive actions. A sense of motivation is now needed for all employees to go to the goal of the organization. The project team also provided plenty of penalties of options for employee involvement in this change process.Giving opportunities to have delegation and empowerment can get the commitment of the employees. By announcing the short-term success also made the whole organization to generate motivation. * Refreezing phase At the end of our journey, the final goal is to refreeze the situation. Making short-term wins made the whole change process to run smoothly. As this new culture is very beneficial for both organization and staffs, each and every employees are very enthusiastic with the change. But in ever y change, there can be a Marathon operation that is some people reached the aim while other people are still running from the start.Visionary and icon leadership supports, proper reward systems, and reliable feedback systems made the change process to get success. we also made the training and development sessions for all the impacted employees to get the desired and required results from change management. For every change, there can be a fall back to the old undesired stage. That is why we made burning bridges to ensure that there is no way to go back by establishing proper rules, regulations and policies and rewarding the successful employees whose behavior are aligned with the desired behavior. intercourse StrategyCommunicating about the change throughout the whole organization is also the main point for all change champion, change leader and change agents to consider. Varey also said that culture and communication cannot be separated. People may feel shock, and deny in the fi rst place, if the communication strategy is not well. So, we found out that we have to arrange it in the right measure during the transition process. We also used both formal and informal communication structure. In this strategy, we made people more rely on the formal communication system (that is meetings, speeches, briefing, discussion, memo, notice etc. rather than informal (that is rumors, gossips, conjectures and opinions). We aforethought(ip) the communication more focus on what, when, who and how, but there is no formula about the communication that can apply in all situation. In some circumstances, change agents may advocate a jazz openness of about all the issues to the impact groups. Conclusion This change management is concerned not only for the employee job satisfactions and delights but also for the business organizations to get competitive advantage.In this changing environment, the environment that the businesses operate is rapidly and massively changing. Notabl e experience is that, in Myanmar, the demographic changes have hugely impact on the Myanmar Businesses. As it is a culture change for Cho Cho Phyu Co. , Ltd, we faced with many problems and it may take more than 1 year for the whole organization to accept and exercise the new culture. Although it is a new culture for the whole organization, it is very beneficial for both employees and employer. Because of that point, we can implement the whole change management in successful behavior.